energy systems Flashcards
(56 cards)
name the three stages of the aerobic respiration
-glycolysis
-kreb cycle
- electron transport chain
what does ATP stand for
adenosine triphosphate
what is the structure of ATP
adenosine and 3 phosphates
What enzyme breaks down ATP
ATPase
give the formula for breakdown of ATP
ATP-> ADP + pi (inorganic phsophate) + energy
How is ATP resynthesised
3 energy systems
Name the three energy systems
- aerobic system
- ATP - PC system
- anaerobic glycotic system
How is respiration fueled (2 types)
food - carbohydrates
chemical - phosphocreatine
when is the aerobic system used ?
for low intensity high duration
high oxygen supply
which energy system is the most efficient
aerobic
what is the fuel source for aerobic respiration
carbohydrates - glycogen
high oxygen low intensity - fat
give the formula of gylcolysis
glycogen -> energy (2ATP) + pyruvic acid
where does glycolysis take place
sarcoplasm - fluid that surrounds nucleus of muscle
give the formula of the krebs cycle
pyruvic acid (no presence of o2) -> acetyl coA
acetyl coA -> energy (2ATP) + hydrogen ion (H+) + CO2
where does the krebs cycle tale place ?
matrix - inside the mitochondria
give the formula for the electron transport chain
hydrogen + O2 -> 34 ATP + water
whats the total energy yield for aerobic respiration
36 ATP
What is beta oxidation?
When fat is used as a fuel rather than carbs to fuel aerobic respiration
fatty acids undergo beta oxidisation whereby theyre converted into acetyl coA so it can be fed into the krebs cycle.
BUT requires 15% more 02
give 3 adv of the aerobic system
- 36 ATP produced
- no fatiguing byproducts
- lots of glycogen and triglyceride stores so excercise can last for a long time
give disadvantage of the aerobic system
- cannot be used straight away
enough o2 must become available to meet demands of activity and ensure fuel can be broken down
What is the fuel source of the ATP-PC system
phophocreatine
give the formula for the ATP -PC system
Phosphocreatine -> creatine +phosphate +1ATP
give advantages of the ATP -PC system
1.rapid availability
2.phosphocreatine stores can be resynthesised quickly (50% after 30s)
3. no fatiguing byproducts
give disadvantages of ATP-PC system
- limited supply of phosphocreatine in the cell (8-10s)
- least efficient system (1 mole of ATP)
