Energy Store: Glycogen and Fat Flashcards
What are the two normally available fuel sources in the body?
What are the fuel sources available under special conditions?
Glucose, FA
Amino acids, Ketone bodies, Lactate
What is the preferred fuel for the body?
What tissues in particular require this store?
Glucose
RBCs, neutrophils, innermost cells of the kidney, lens of the eye, (normal brain function)
How is glycogen stored within fat and muscle?
In granules
The glycogen store in the muscles is called upon when what tissues require glucose?
Muscles
Where does glycolysis occur?
Where does gluconeogenesis occur?
In the muscles and liver
The liver, (and kidney cortex)
How and where is glucose stored in the body?
As glycogen in muscle and liver
How is lactate converted back to glucose?
Where does this occur?
The Cori cycle
In the liver
Where is triacylglycerol stored?
What is this a store of?
In adipocytes
Fatty acids
When would TAG be utilised rather than glucose?
Which cells cannot use TAG as an energy source and why?
During prolonged exercise, stress, starvation, pregnancy
Cannot be used by RBCs, brain and CNS (no mitochondria)
Glucose can provide energy for approximately what period of time?
2 hours
Glycogenesis occurs in what time frame following ingestion of food?
1-10 hours
If no food is consumed for about 8-10 hours, which stores are depleted and how does the body respond?
Glycogen stores depleted
Gluconeogenesis occurs
Beyond 8-10hours of starvation will result in what being used as energy?
What will be produced as a result?
FA metabolism- produces ketone bodies for brain to use but can only use given time to make transition
Use muscle protein in emergency
Name two anabolic hormones?
What is their general role with regard to fuel storage?
Insulin
Growth hormone
They promote fuel storage
Name 4 catabolic hormones?
What is their role with regard to fuel storage?
Glucagon Adrenaline Cortisol Thyroid hormones They promote release from stores and metabolic reorganisation
