Energy Sources Flashcards
Six categories of nutrients = ?
Energy Sources
Six Categories of Nutrients:
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Water
Forms of energy include = ?
Energy Sources
Forms of energy:
- Chemical - food
- Heat -
- Mechanical - ATP
Formation of glycogen from glucose = ?
Energy Sources
Glycogenesis: Formation of glycogen from glucose
Breaking down of glycogen into glucose = ?
Energy Sources
Glycogenolysis: Breaking down of glycogen into glucose.
The process of making glucose from its own breakdown products or the breakdown products of lipids & proteins = ?
Energy Sources
Gluconeogenesis: The process of making glucose from its own breakdown, or from the breakdown products of lipids and/or proteins.
_ (?) _ carbohydrates will take longer for the body to convert into sucrose or glucose and will be rich in vitamins and nutrients.
Energy Sources
Complex carbohydrates will take longer for the body to convert into sucrose or glucose and will be rich in vitamins and nutrients.
Two fats important for metabolism = ?
Energy Sources
Two fats important for metabolism:
(1) Fatty acids:
- Saturated = Animal products
- Unsaturated = Plant products
(2) Triglycerides:
- Form of fatty acids stored in fat cells
- Glycerol + 3 fatty acids
T/F:
A lipid (fat) molecule has the identical structural elements of carbs but differ in number of atoms.
Energy Sources
True
Saturated Fats come from what source?
Energy Sources
Animal
Unsaturated Fats come from what source?
Energy Sources
Plant
Lipids serve as what?
Energy Sources
A source of fuel and are an important contituent of the structure of cells
Role of Lipids in the body
Energy Sources
- Energy source and reserve
- Protection of vital organs
- Thermal insulation
- Vitamin carrier
Proteins: How many kcal/gram and what percent of calories should come from them?
Energy Sources
4 Kcal/gm and 10-15% of calories
Essential Amino Acids
Energy Sources
Must be ingested in food; cannot be synthesized
Nonessential amino acids
Energy Sources
Can be synthesized by body
What are enzymes?
Energy Sources
Protein molecules that facilitate a chemical reaction
Facilitate and increase speed of reaction
What is catabolic reaction?
Energy Sources
The breaking down of substrate into molecules
Ex: Protein -> Amino Acids
What is Anabolic Reaction?
Energy Sources
The formation of product from molecules
A group of substances that are essential for overall health, normal cell function, growth, and development
Energy Sources
Vitamins and Minerals
Vitamins and Minerals help with what?
Energy Sources
Building bones, healing wounds, and bolster the immune system
They also convert food into energy and repair cellular damage
Vitamin B12 is important for what?
Metabolism
It also helps form red blood cells and maintain the central nervous system
Vitamin K is needed for why?
Without it, blood would not stick together
Iron is needed for what?
Iron is a vital part of hemoglobin, which transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body
