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gcse physics > energy resources > Flashcards

energy resources Flashcards

1
Q

what is non renewable energy?

A

energy from finite resources.

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2
Q

what is renewable energy?

A

energy from resources that will never run out.

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3
Q

what are 4 non renewable energy sources?

A
  1. coal.
  2. oil.
  3. gas.
  4. nuclear
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4
Q

what are 7 renewable energy sources?

A
  1. solar
  2. wind
  3. waves
  4. hydro electric
  5. bio fuel
  6. geothermal
  7. tidal
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5
Q

what are positives of non renewable energy?

A

it is reliable.
can respond quickly to energy demand.
cost effective.

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6
Q

what are negatives of non renewable energy? there is lots

A

they will run out one day.
they damage the environment.
contribute to global warming. release CO2
causes acid rain. release sulfur dioxide SO2
coal mining messes up the environment.
oil spills pollute the ocean.
nuclear waste is very dangerous.
nuclear power can cause disasters. like chernobyl

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7
Q

what are positives of renewable energy?

A

they will never run out.
they release little or no emissions.

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8
Q

what are negatives of renewable energy?

A

some renewables are unreliable.
they don’t provide much energy.
most renewables damage the environment (but less than non renewables)

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9
Q

what are two places energy can be used?

A

transport.
heating.
only these 2 are listed in the book🤷.

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10
Q

how does wind power work?

A

wind turbines in exposed places use wind to turn blades which turn a generator to produce electricity

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11
Q

what are negatives of wind turbines?

A

you need 1500 to match 1 coal plant.
they are noisy.
they spoil a view.
wind cannot be controlled to match demand.
initial high cost.

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12
Q

what are positives of wind turbines?

A

minimal running cost.
no permanent damage to land.

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13
Q

how do solar cells work? solar energy

A

solar cells generate electric currents from sunlight.

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14
Q

what are negatives of solar cells?

A

only work in the daytime.
power output can’t increase to match demand.
initial high cost.

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15
Q

what is geothermal energy used for? (2)

A

heating.
generating electricity.

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16
Q

what are positives of solar cells?

A

very reliable in sunny countries.
no pollution.
minimal running cost.

17
Q

how is geothermal energy used for heating?

A

water is pumped underground where it heats up and hot water is pumped back overground.

18
Q

how is geothermal energy used for electricity?

A

water is pumped underground where it turns to steam which rises and spins turbines that spin generators.

19
Q

what are negatives of geothermal energy?

A

there aren’t many suitable locations.
the cost of a power plant is high compared to the energy it generates.

20
Q

where does geothermal energy come from?

A

hot rocks.
magma.
radioactive decay.

21
Q

what are positives of geothermal energy?

A

very reliable.
little damage to the environment.

22
Q

how does hydro electric power work?

A

water behind a dam falls spinning turbines which spin generators.

23
Q

what are negatives of hydro electric power?

A

a large are has to be flooded.
possible loss of habitat.
rotting vegetation releases CO2 and methane.
flooded areas look ugly when they dry up.
high initial cost.

24
Q

what are positives of hydro electric power?

A

immediate response to demand.
reliable except in drought.
minimal running cost.
useful in remote areas.

25
Q

how does wave power work?

A

lots of little turbines are spun by waves which spin generators.

26
Q

what are negatives of wave power?

A

disturbs the seabed.
spoils view.
hazard to boats.
unreliable.
unlikely to provide energy on a large scale.
initial high cost.

27
Q

what are positives of wave power?

A

no pollution.
minimal running cost.

28
Q

how does tidal power work?

A

tidal barrages dams across river estuaries contain turbines connected to generators which spin when tides come in or out.

29
Q

what are negatives of tidal power?

A

prevent access by boats.
spoil the view.
alter habitat.
tide size changes. smaller tide produces less energy
initial high cost.

30
Q

what are positives of tidal power?

A

no pollution.
reliable. always twice a day
minimal running cost.
can generate a lot of energy.

31
Q

what are bio fuels?

A

energy sources made from plants or animal shit can be solid liquid or gas which are burnt to produce electricity.

32
Q

what are negatives of bio fuel?

A

high cost to refine. turning material to fuel
land is cleared to grow bio fuels.
increased CO2 and methane emissions.

33
Q

what are positives of bio fuel?

A

reliable.
cannot respond to sudden energy demand.
carbon neutral if you burn the same amount you grow

gcse physics (16 decks)

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