electric circuits (required practical) Flashcards

1
Q

what is current?

A

the rate of flow of electrical charge.

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2
Q

what is the unit of current?

A

amps. A

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3
Q

what is voltage? potential difference

A

the driving force of charge.

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4
Q

what is the unit of voltage?

A

volts. V

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5
Q

what is resistance?

A

a measure of how hard it is for current to flow.

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6
Q

what is the unit of resistance?

A

ohm. Ω

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7
Q

what is charge?

A

the size of the current.

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8
Q

what is the unit of charge?

A

coulombs. C

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9
Q

what is the formula for charge flow?

A

charge flow coulombs = current amps x time seconds
Q = i x t

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10
Q

how is charge effected by current?

A

larger current = more charge.

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11
Q

what is the formula for voltage?

A

volts V = current A x resistance Ω

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12
Q

what is an ohmic conductor?

A

in an ohmic conductor the current is directly proportional if one increases so does the other to the voltage and the resistance is always the same.

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13
Q

give an example of an ohmic conductor.

A

a resistor. at a constant temperature

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14
Q

give 2 examples of non ohmic conductors.

A
  1. filament lamp. higher temperature from the lamp gives a higher resistance
  2. diode. current only flows in one direction
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15
Q

how do you find the I-V characteristics of a component (required practical)

A
  1. set up a circuit with a variable resistor connected to a component and a voltmeter in parallel connected to an ammeter.
    it looks something like this:
    🔋v resistorcomponent + voltmeter‎ (in parallel) ammeter
  2. vary the variable resistor to change the current. higher resistance = lower current
  3. take multiple readings of the ammeter and voltmeter to see how the voltage across the component changes with current.
  4. repeat each reading 3 times to get an average voltage at each current.
  5. flip the circuit so the direction of the current is reversed.
  6. take more readings.
  7. plot a graph of current against voltage.
    as R = V÷I you can calculate the resistance at any point
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