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Physics > Energy P1 > Flashcards

Energy P1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Kinetic energy equation

A

1/2 * mass * velocity2

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2
Q

Describe kinetic energy and give an example

A

The energy of a moving object.
Eg. Runners, buses,

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3
Q

Name all the energy stores (8)

A

Kinetic, thermal, chemical , elastic potential, magnetic, electrostatic, gravitational, nuclear

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4
Q

What is a Independent variable

A

The thing you change in an experiment

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5
Q

What is a Dependant variable

A

the variable being tested or measured during a scientific experiment

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6
Q

What is the control variable

A

What you keep the same

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7
Q

Change in gravitational potential energy equation

A

Mass *grav field strength (n/kg) *change in height

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8
Q

Elastic potential energy equation

A

1/2* spring constant (n/m) *extension2 (m)

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9
Q

Equation for power

A

Energy transferred/ time taken

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10
Q

Work done equation

A

Force * distance

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11
Q

Efficiency equations

A

Useful output energy/ total input energy *100
Or power output and power input

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12
Q

Define Specific heat capacity

A

energy required to raise the temp of 1kg of a substance by one degree Celsius (1°C)

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13
Q

Equation for thermal energy changes

A

mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change

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14
Q

Define conduction

A

Conduction is how thermal energy travels through solids

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15
Q

Define insulators

A

do not allow electrical current to flow through them easily.

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16
Q

2 things that could insulate a house

A

Loft insulation, double glazing,

17
Q

2 Advantages and disadvantages of a nuclear power station

A

A-doesn’t release co2
D- non- renewable
A-very energy dense
D-risk of nuclear meltdown

18
Q

What is biofuel?

A

Fuel taken from living or recently living things such as animal waste

19
Q

What is wave energy - advantage and disadvantages

A

Waves make a floating generator go up and down to produce electricity
Kills fish
Zero emissions

20
Q

Description of hydroelectricity and advantage and disadvantage

A

Can be generated when rain water collects down a reservoir to produce electricity
Con floods large areas , requires a specific area , loss of animal habitat
Pro renewable, power on demand

21
Q

Explain how tidal barrage produces energy

A

A tidal barrage is a barrier built over a river mouth to make use of the kinetic energy in the moving water.
The barrage contains electricity generators, which are driven by the water rushing through tubes in the barrage.
Kinetic energy of the moving water electrical energy

22
Q

What is geothermal? Adv and disadv

A

Water is pumped under the Earth and turns to steam using hot rocks
D- suitable sites are rare
A-0 emissions

23
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

Energy stored in foods, fuels and cells/batteries

24
Q

What is energy measured in?

A

Joules (J)

25
Q

What is power measured in?

A

Watts (W)

26
Q

Earths gravitational field strength

A

9.8 N/kg

27
Q

Energy is always conserved, it cannot be…

A

Created or destroyed

28
Q

What happens to an object’s gravitational potential energy store when its height decreases?
Eg. A rollercoaster going down a slope

A

It is transferred to Kinetic energy, so GPE is decreased

29
Q

What is power?

A

The rate of energy transfer

30
Q

What is meant by non-renewable/ finite energy sources? Two examples

A

Once it is used, it cannot be replaced. E.g. Fossil fuels, nuclear fuel

31
Q

What are the 3 fossil fuels?

A

Coal, Oil and Gas

32
Q

How are fossil fuels used to generate energy?

A

They are burned to produce heat, to produce steam that spins a turbine/generator

33
Q

What are energy sources

A

Where we harness energy from in the world

34
Q

What is meant by renewable/ infinite energy sources?

A

They can be replaced once used

35
Q

What is meant by renewable/ infinite energy sources?

A

They can be replaced once used

36
Q

Example of renewable energy sources (7)

A

Wind, Solar, Hydroelectric, Biofuels, Tidal, Wave, Geothermal

37
Q

What is wind power

A

Wind has kinetic energy which turns turbines to produce power

38
Q

What is solar power

A

Light from the sun produces electricity

Physics (4 decks)

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