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Physiology of exercise > Energy expenditure > Flashcards

Energy expenditure Flashcards

1
Q

RER

A

ratio between co2 produced and o2 consumption

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2
Q

1 MET

A

energy required to cover resting metabolic rate

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3
Q

1 MET =

A

3.5ml/kg/min

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4
Q

EPOC

A

occurs to refuel cells

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5
Q

calorie

A

amount of energy to raise 1g of water by 1 degree

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6
Q

why measure energy expenditure

A

assess metabolic needs
fuel utilisation
thermic effects of food
assess economy

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7
Q

direct calorimetry

A

measure heat given off during exercise

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8
Q

pros of direct calorimetry

A

direct measure of heat
accurate for steady state measures

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9
Q

cons of direct calorimetry

A

expensive
slow to generate results
few in operation

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10
Q

RER for 1 molecule of glucose

A

1.0

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11
Q

RER for 1 molecule of palmitic acid

A

0.70

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12
Q

what does indirect calorimetry predict

A

substrate usage

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12
Q

benefits of indirect calorimetry

A

can detect changes with breath by breath system
easy to administer
fairly accurate for aerobic
direct assessment of gas exchange

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13
Q

Which fuel substrate costs the most oxygen per kilocalorie

A

fats

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14
Q

assumptions of indirect calorimetry

A

body o2 is constant
co2 exchange in lungs is proportion to release from cells
little contribution from protein

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15
Q

limitations of indirect calorimetry

A

values >1 won’t provide valid estimation
inaccurate approaching 1
gluconeogenesis from fat and AA <0.7
not appropriate outside range of 0.70-1

16
Q

BMR over time

A

2-3% decrease over 10 years
decrease fat free mass
depression of metabolic activity of lean tissue
altered by change in body composition and physical activity

17
Q

MET

A

multiples of RMR

18
Q

VO2

A

200ml/min for average woman
250 men

19
Q

2 met activity is

A

7ml/kg/min

20
Q

Fat max

A

exercise intensity at which max fat oxidation is observed

21
Q

why does fat max occurs

A

lower availability of plasma FFA
reduced entry of fatty acids into mitochondria

22
Q

level of runners and VO2 max

A

slower recreational = 60-65% RER 0.9 CHO 68%
faster = 70-75% RER 0.95 CHO 84%
elite = 80-90% RER 2.02-2.10

23
Q

mechanical efficiency

A

external work accomplished / energy expenditure

24
Q

EPOC

A

delay in post exercise oxygen consumption

25
Q

EPOC fast component

A

rapid decline in oxygen uptake during first 2-3mins after

26
Q

EPOC slow component

A

after 2mins and persists for up to an hour

27
Q

EPOC extra slow component

A

several hours before basal level returns

28
Q

reasons for EPOC fast component

A

resynthesis of ATP and PCr
o2 levels restored to myoglobin and haemoglobin
thermogenic effects of hormones

29
Q

reasons for slow EPOC component

A

re synthesis lactate to glycogen
thermogenic effects of elevated core temp
HR and VE remain elevated for several mins after

30
Q
A

Physiology of exercise (10 decks)

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