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Chemistry > Energy Changes > Flashcards

Energy Changes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an exothermic reaction? - Energy

A

A reaction in which energy is given to the surroundings. The temperature of the surroundings will increase

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2
Q

Name 2 examples of exothermic reactions - Energy

A

Combustion reactions
Oxidation reactions
Neutralisation reactions

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3
Q

What is an endothermic reaction? - Energy

A

A reaction in which energy is taken in from the surroundings. The temperature of the surroundings decreases

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4
Q

Name an example of endothermic reactions - Energy

A

Thermal decomposition reactions

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5
Q

Describe an exothermic reaction profile diagram - Energy

A

Reactants have more energy than products, activation energy loops upwards

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6
Q

Describe an endothermic reaction

profile diagram - Energy

A

Products have more energy than the reactants, activation energy loops upwards

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7
Q

What is activation energy? - Energy

A

The minimum amount of energy that colliding particles must have for them to react

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8
Q

During which types of reaction are bonds broken? - Energy

A

Endothermic (energy taken in)

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9
Q

During which type of reaction are bonds made? - Energy

A

Exothermic (energy given out)

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10
Q

How do you calculate the energy change of a reaction? - Energy

A

Add together all reactants’ bond energies, add together all products’ bond energies.
Subtract products’ bond energies from reactants’ bond energies to find energy change

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11
Q

What is a chemical cell? - Energy

A

A store of energy which can create an electric current in a circuit

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12
Q

What type of cell is an alkaline cell? - Energy

A

A rechargeable cell

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13
Q

How can you produce a cell with a high voltage? - Energy

A

Use 2 metals with the largest difference in reactivity as electrodes to create a high voltage

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14
Q

What is a fuel cell? - Energy

A

A device which continuously produces a voltage when supplied with fuel and oxygen

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15
Q

What happens to the fuel in a fuel cell? - Energy

A

The fuel is oxidised, meaning that the reaction takes place at a lower temperature than if it was burned. Energy released as electrical energy.

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16
Q

What is a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell? - Energy

A

A cell where hydrogen and oxygen are used as the fuel. Water is formed as the only product

17
Q

What are the pros and cons of alkaline cells? - Energy

A

Pros - cheap to manufacture

Cons - may end up in landfill sites, expensive to recycle

18
Q

What are the pros and cons of rechargeable cells? - Energy

A

Pros - can be recharged many times, reducing use of resources
Cons - costs a lot to manufacture/buy

19
Q

What are the pros and cons of hydrogen fuel cells? - Energy

A

Pros - small in size, water is the only chemical product other than energy
Cons - very expensive to manufacture, need a constant supply of hydrogen (flammable)

20
Q

What are alkaline cells usually used for? - Energy

A

Used in AA batteries to power remotes, devices

21
Q

What are rechargeable cells often used for? - Energy

A

Used for rechargeable devices such as phones, car batteries

22
Q

What are hydrogen-oxygen cells used for? - Energy

A

Used in spacecraft as they produce useful drinking water, as well as they have lots of access to hydrogen

Chemistry (11 decks)

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