energy carbohydrates and fats

Question 1

Explain how the structure of glycogen allows it to be an energy store.

Answer 1

It’s a polymer of glucose that’s branched due to its 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds, which cause it to have many terminal ends so rapid hydrolysis and release of glucose can take place. it’s also compact so lots of glucose can be stored in a small space.

Question 2

Describe what the strucuture of an unsaturated fatty acid would look like

explain why

Answer 2

The double carbon-to-carbon bonds would cause kinks in the fatty acid chains

redo if no wy (c to c ) double bonds ect

Question 3

Describe the reaction that joins two α-glucose molecules to form a disaccharide

Answer 3

A condensation reaction takes place involving the oh groups of each molecules and water is formed

Question 4

Give one structural difference between amylose and amylopectin.

Answer 4

Amylose is unbranched and only has 1,4 glycosidic bonds

Ignore coiled!!

Question 5

Explain how the structures of amylopectin and glycogen make them suitable for storing
energy

Answer 5

branched, therefore can be rapidly hydrolysed to release glucose

insoluble and no osmotic effect, so it doesn’t impact cells water potential

compact so lots of glucose can be stored

Question 6

The R group differs between the amino acids. The R group may contain elements that
are not found in a carbohydrate.
Name one of these elements.

Answer 6

nitrogen

or sulphur 1 each time or redo

Question 7

a saturated triglyceride can combine with protein to form a lipoprotein. what effect would large quantities of this lipoprotein have on blood cholesterol

Answer 7

increased blood cholesterol levels because a triglyceride is saturated the lipoprotein is saturated and ldls transport cholesterol

Question 8

Name the two monosaccharides that are produced when sucrose is broken down.

Answer 8

glucose and fructose

Question 9

Compare and contrast the structure of a disaccharide with glycogen.

Answer 9

both contain glycosidic bonds both have glucose

glycogen contains 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds where disaccharides can contain one type of glycosidic bonds

glycogen contains glucose while disaccharides can contain other monosaccharides a

Question 10

Describe the formation of glycogen from glucose.

Answer 10

the condensation between many glucose monomers forming 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds