cvd

Question 1

why do only arterys get atheromas

Answer 1

they’re under high pressure

Question 2

what is the clotting cascade

Answer 2

platelets stick to damaged tissue and eachother. release of thromboplastin starts the clotting cascade. thromboplastin catalyses the reaction that turns prothrombin to thrombin and thrombin catalyses the reaction that turns fibrinogen a soluble protein to fibrin an insoluble protein fibrin forms a mesh that traps red blood cells and platelets

Question 3

State the role of white blood cells in the formation of an atheroma.

Answer 3

White blood cells move into the artery wall and accumulate cholesterol

Question 4

Explain why blood clotting is beneficial following damage to the artery wall.

Answer 4

It reduces the risk of pathogens entering the bloodstream through the damaged area.

Question 5

Explain why high blood pressure can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease

explain what happens to lumen

Answer 5

high blood pressure can lead to damage to the endothellium of an artery.

this can cause an inflamatory responce that leads to the formation of an atheroma

a plaque forms and the lumen is narrowed

Question 6

Explain why a mammal born with a hole between the two ventricles will be tired alot

Answer 6

oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mixes in the heat before leaving the heart so there is a lower concentration of oxygenated blood curculating around the body so there is less oxygen for aerobic respiration

Question 7

what drug type can be used too reduce blood pressure

Answer 7

antihypertensive

Question 8

whaty are the three antihypertensives you have to know about

Answer 8

ACE inhibitors

diuretics

calseum chanel blockers

Question 8

Describe the role of thrombin in blood clotting.

Answer 8

thrombin is an enzyme
that catalyses the reaction that turns fibrinogen into fibrin
fibrin forms a mesh that traps red blood cells and platelets to clot

have to mention its an enzyme