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Geography > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

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0
Q

How long will gas last at current levels of consumption?

A

60yrs

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1
Q

How long will coal last at current levels of consumption?

A

200 years

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2
Q

How long will oil last at current levels of consumption?

A

40 years

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3
Q

Which areas have less of a problem with access to fossil fuels?

A

Northern Africa and Middle East as they have 70% of the worlds gas and oil supplies

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4
Q

Oil provides what proportion of world and Vietnamese supplies?

A

World- 37%

Vietnam- 17%

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5
Q

Coal provides what proportion of world and Vietnamese supplies?

A

World- 25%

Vietnam- 22%

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6
Q

Gas provides what proportion of world and Vietnamese supplies?

A

World- 23%

Vietnam- 11%

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7
Q

Biomass provides what proportion of world and Vietnamese supplies?

A

World- 4%

Vietnam- 51% (non commercial)

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8
Q

HEP provides what proportion of world and Vietnamese supplies?

A

World- 3%

Vietnam- 3%

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9
Q

Give figures for the recent fluctuation in oil prices

A

2008- $140/barrel

2009/10- $40 (recession+ increased supply

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10
Q

What is peak oil?

A

The point in time where the max rate of global petroleum extraction is reached, after which it enters terminal decline)

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11
Q

Why is coal not sustainable?

A 
Finite (200yrs) 
Pollution when burnt 
CO2 released
Socially- up to 3500 miners are killed each year in accidents in China
Not very energy dense
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12
Q

Biomass potential of Vietnam?

A

Approximately 9000 GWh of electricity potential

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13
Q

Secondary resources are being used. E.g.

A

33/43 sugar factories are generating electricity from bagasse (sugar cane residue)

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14
Q

Give facts and concerns about the 3 Gorges Dam- China

A
  • Worlds largest dam on Yangtze River
  • over 1 mill people were displaced too land with infertile soil over 800m above sea level
  • earthquakes may lead to seismic instability
  • cost $70 billion
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15
Q

During the 20th century energy demand increased-

A

10 fold worldwide

16
Q

Give 3 factors for increased energy consumption

A
  • development-> car ownership
  • globalised economy so goods and ppl transported by air and sea (food miles)
  • manufacturing and construction industry growth
17
Q

In Vietnam, electricity supply has

A

Increased from 3000GWh to 72000!

(24 times!) since 1975

18
Q

China has passed USA to be the biggest consumer of energy but

A

Average American still burns 5times as much annually as the average Chinese citizen.

19
Q

UK consumption fact?

A

Households spend £1.3 billion/year on powering consumer electronics

20
Q

Why biofuel does Vietnam produce?

A

Biodiesel from catfish fat in the Mekong Delta

21
Q

How does India use solar power?

A

Barefoot solar engineers are trained to assemble install and maintain solar tech in rural villages in Rajasthan. They serve 100 000 homes in over 100 villages

22
Q

Example of leapfrogging

A

Pakistan’s Alternative Energy Board has launched solar systems for rural homes outside grid..
Household kits include solar panel, 2 LED lights, DC fan and TV socket

23
Q

Biogas in India

A

Used instead of wood for cooking

NGO ASTRA helped develop and install 4 mill plants and provide 200 000 jobs in rural India

24
Q

Fukushima impacts?

A

20km exclusion zone

Germany’s nuclear plants will all be shut within 10 yrs

25
Q

France is the largest net exporter of nuclear power-

A

Over €3bill a year

26
Q

France derives

A

75% of its electricity from nuclear power

27
Q

A 2cm fuel rod can produce as much power as

A

1.5 tonnes of coal!

28
Q

By 2030 what sector will have the largest energy demand?

A

Industry (36%)

29
Q

Vietnam plans to-

A

Quadruple coal powered capacity by 2015 and build 17 new power stations by 2020
Increase electricity supply by large scale hydro to supply 34% by 2015
Build 2 to 4 nuclear plants on S coast

30
Q

Renewable Vietnam plans by 2020

A
  • 12 000MW wind power
  • more than 800 small scale hydropower plants
  • 30 000 solar water systems
31
Q

Renewable potentials in Vietnam

A

Wind- long coastline, exceeds potential of Cambodia and Thailand
Solar- 5000hrs sunshine/year
Geothermal- more than 300 hit streams already recorded
Wave- East Sea world class potential

Geography (7 decks)

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