energy

Question 1

energy cannot be created or destroyed

Answer 1

Law of Conservation of Energy

Question 2

the energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor

Answer 2

electrical energy

Question 3

energy stored due to the height of an object above a base level

Answer 3

gravitational potential energy

Question 4

potential energy derived from chemical reactions

Answer 4

chemical energy

Question 5

the potential energy stored in a stretched elastic material

Answer 5

elastic potential energy

Question 6

the energy stored at the centre of atoms

Answer 6

nuclear energy

Question 7

the fraction of energy supplied to a device as useful energy. It is usually expressed as a percentage.

Answer 7

efficiency

Question 8

releasing its own light

Answer 8

luminous

Question 9

describes objects that emit light when they are hot

Answer 9

incandescent

Question 10

describes living things that release light energy

Answer 10

bio luminescent

Question 11

does not create light but can reflect it

Answer 11

non-luminous

Question 12

describes light sent in many directions by small particles within a substance

Answer 12

scattered

Question 13

different colours that combine to make up white light; they are separated in rainbows

Answer 13

visible spectrum

Question 14

separation of the colours that make up white light. Each colour is bent differently when it enters or leaves a glass prism

Answer 14

dispersion

Question 15

the radiant energy such as radio waves, infrared, visible light, X-rays and gamma rays released by magnetic or electric fields

Answer 15

electromagnetic radiation

Question 16

complete range of wavelengths of energy radiated as electric and magnetic fields

Answer 16

electromagnetic spectrum

Question 17

low energy electromagnetic waves with a much lower frequency and longer wavelength than visible light

Answer 17

radio waves

Question 18

low energy electromagnetic waves with a much lower frequency and longer wavelength than visible light

Answer 18

infra-red radiation

Question 19

invisible radiation similar to light but with a slightly higher frequency and more energy

Answer 19

ultraviolet radiation

Question 20

high energy electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted through solids and provide information about their structure

Answer 20

X-rays

Question 21

high energy electromagnetic radiation produced during nuclear reaction

Answer 21

gamma rays

Question 22

repeated fast back and forth movements

Answer 22

vibrations

Question 23

the process of pushing a material into itself

Answer 23

compression

Question 24

in sound waves, the layers of air particles that are spread apart

Answer 24

rarefactions

Question 25

vibrations of particles in the air

Answer 25

sound waves

Question 26

number of vibrations in one second, or the number of wavelengths passing in one second

Answer 26

frequency

Question 27

unit of frequency; its abbreviation is Hz. One hertz is equal to one vibration every second.

Answer 27

hertz

Question 28

the highness or lowness of a sound. The pitch that you hear depends on the frequency of the vibrating air.

Answer 28

pitch

Question 29

distance between two neighboring crests or troughs of a wave. This is the distance between two particles vibrating in step.

Answer 29

wavelength

Question 30

maximum distance that a particle moves away from its undisturbed position

Answer 30

amplitude

Question 31

longer-lasting sound caused by repeated reflection from hard surfaces

Answer 31

reverberation

Question 32

transfer of heat through collisions between particles

Answer 32

conduction

Question 33

a material that is a poor conductor of heat

Answer 33

insulators

Question 34

transfer of heat through the flow of particles

Answer 34

convection

Question 35

a method of heat transfer that does not require particles to transfer heat from one place to another

Answer 35

radiation

Question 36

heat transferred by radiation, as from the sun to the heat transferred by radiation, as from the sun to the Earth

Answer 36

radiant heat

Question 37

bounced off

Answer 37

reflected

Question 38

passed through something, such as light or sound passing through air

Answer 38

transmitted

Question 39

taken in

Answer 39

absorbed

Question 40

describes plants that lose their leaves during autumn and winter

Answer 40

deciduous