Energy Flashcards
What kind of reaction is catabolism?
oxidative
What is the general structure of a) sugars b) FAs
a) CnH2nOn
b) CnH2nO2
What is the equation of the energy associated with a system>
H = G + TS
H = enthalpy = total heat energy of a system (with cells with constant pressure H = total energy)
G = Gibbs constant
S = entropy (level of randomness in the system)
Thermodynamically what is the value of ΔG in a) favourable b) unfavourable reactions?
a) favourable = negative value = exergonic
b) unfavourable = positive value = endergonic
What is ΔG°?
A constant equal to ΔG at specific conditions
In what 2 ways can an exergonic and endergonic reaction be linked?
Common intermediate:
A –> B
B –> C
Coupled through group transfer
AC –> B
X –> YC
What are the 2 methods of ATP production?
Substrate level phosphorylation, Oxidative phosphorylation
What is substrate level phosphorylation?
the enzymic phosphorylation of ADP–>ATP, using energy from a coupled reaction involving a substrate with a free energy of hydrolysis more negative than -31kJ/mol
What 2 part general reaction occurs in SLP?
i) ?-phosphate + H2O –> ? + Pi
ii) ADP + Pi –> ATP + H2O
A single enzyme kinase catalyses these 2 reactions
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
The synthesis of ATP that occurs when the energy released by oxidation of NADH and FAD2H via the ETC. NADH and FAD2H are co-enzymes that function as hydrogen carriers.
Where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?
Eukaryotes: Inside the mitochondrial membrane
Prokaryotes: inside the cell membrane
In terms of electrons what is a) oxidation b) reduction?
a) loss of H / gain of O / loss of electrons
b) gain of H / loss of O / gain of electrons
What is electrode potential?
Eo1 = the tendency to gain or lose electrons, measured in volts relative to H
What is E˳ˈ?
the difference between electrode potentials for the 2 redox reactions
