Carbohydrates Flashcards
What is the functional group of an aldehyde?
CHO
what ending do all the names of a) aldehydes b) ketones have?
a) aldehydes - ose b) ketones - ulose
What is a chiral carbon?
a carbon atom with 4 different groups attached
What is formed when the hydroxyl (OH) group reacts with a carbonyl group (C=O)?
A hemiacetal is made
What occurs with monosaccharaides that are >4 carbons, in the context of hemiacetal
they can form internal hemiacetal resulting in a ring structure and the formation of a new chiral carbon. This is a special chiral carbon as it is bonded to 2 Os, called an anormeric carbon. The OH group can point above or below the C: - above = B - below = a
What does alcohol + alcohol =
ether + water by the creation of a glycosidic bond between 2 OH groups (-O-)
What molecule is this?
Glucose
What molecule is this?
Galactose
What molecule is this?
Fructose
what molecule is this?
Ribose
What molecule is this?
Deoxyribose
What disacharrides are made from a) glucose + glucose b) glucose + galactose c) glucose + fructose
a) maltose
b) lactose
c) sucrose
