Energy Flashcards
List the 8 energy stores
Chemical, kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, thermal, nuclear, electrostatic, magnetic
List the 4 energy pathways
Electrical, mechanical, heating, radiation
Is an object is stationary and then starts moving, which energy store has increased?
Kinetic
If I raise an object into the air, which energy store has increased?
Gravitational potential
What is the unit of power?
watt, W
How do you calculate power?
power = energy/time
How many watts in a kilowatt?
1000
In fuel bills, energy is given in kWh - what is this unit?
kilowatt hours
Name 3 non-renewable energy resources
Coal, oil, gas, nuclear
Name 3 renewable energy resources
Wind, hydroelectric, solar, wave, geothermal, tidal, biomass
Name 3 fossil fuels
Coal, oil, gas
How were fossil fuels formed?
Formed from the remains of plants and animals: coal was formed from dead trees and plants; while oil and gas were formed from the remains of marine life that died millions of years ago. As they were buried deeper and deeper enormous pressure and heat turned them into coal/oil/gas
What is released when fossil fuels are burnt
carbon dioxide (and other greenhouse gases)
Increasing the number of fossil fuels in the atmosphere increases what effect?
The greenhouse effect
What fuel is typically used in nuclear power stations?
uranium
As the Earth’s temperature increases due to an increase in the greenhouse effect, this can lead to…?
climate change
Some fuel is burnt to heat water. Describe the energy transfer that takes place. Use the word “store” and “pathway”
The chemical store of the fuel is transferred to the thermal store of the water via the heating pathway.
Water in a reservoir falls and drives a turbine which spins. What is wrong with the following description of the energy transfer:
Gravitational potential store to kinetic store
You need to specify the object the store is associated with e.g. the gravitational store of the water is transferred to the kinetic store of the water as it falls, which is transferred to the kinetic store of the turbine.
How do you calculate energy efficiency?
Efficiency = 100 x useful output/total input
What is the golden rule of energy transfers?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy in = energy out.
When will heat transfer occur?
When there is a temperature difference between two objects