Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Year 7 Science 23/24 > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

1
Q

List the 8 energy stores

A

Chemical, kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, thermal, nuclear, electrostatic, magnetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

List the 4 energy pathways

A

Electrical, mechanical, heating, radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is an object is stationary and then starts moving, which energy store has increased?

A

Kinetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If I raise an object into the air, which energy store has increased?

A

Gravitational potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the unit of power?

A

watt, W

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do you calculate power?

A

power = energy/time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many watts in a kilowatt?

A

1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In fuel bills, energy is given in kWh - what is this unit?

A

kilowatt hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name 3 non-renewable energy resources

A

Coal, oil, gas, nuclear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name 3 renewable energy resources

A

Wind, hydroelectric, solar, wave, geothermal, tidal, biomass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name 3 fossil fuels

A

Coal, oil, gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How were fossil fuels formed?

A

Formed from the remains of plants and animals: coal was formed from dead trees and plants; while oil and gas were formed from the remains of marine life that died millions of years ago. As they were buried deeper and deeper enormous pressure and heat turned them into coal/oil/gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is released when fossil fuels are burnt

A

carbon dioxide (and other greenhouse gases)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Increasing the number of fossil fuels in the atmosphere increases what effect?

A

The greenhouse effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What fuel is typically used in nuclear power stations?

A

uranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

As the Earth’s temperature increases due to an increase in the greenhouse effect, this can lead to…?

A

climate change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Some fuel is burnt to heat water. Describe the energy transfer that takes place. Use the word “store” and “pathway”

A

The chemical store of the fuel is transferred to the thermal store of the water via the heating pathway.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Water in a reservoir falls and drives a turbine which spins. What is wrong with the following description of the energy transfer:
Gravitational potential store to kinetic store

A

You need to specify the object the store is associated with e.g. the gravitational store of the water is transferred to the kinetic store of the water as it falls, which is transferred to the kinetic store of the turbine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do you calculate energy efficiency?

A

Efficiency = 100 x useful output/total input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the golden rule of energy transfers?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy in = energy out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

When will heat transfer occur?

A

When there is a temperature difference between two objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the difference between temperature and the thermal store?

A

The thermal store also takes into account the mass of the substance

23
Q

How do particles move in a warmer substance?

A

Faster (remember temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles)

24
Q

Why are solids the best conductors?

A

Particles are closely packed and regularly arranged allowing vibrations to pass from one particle to another easily.

25
Why are metals good conductors?
They contain free electrons which can gain energy and travel throughout the material.
26
What are the three types of heat transfer?
Conduction, convection, radiation
27
What states of matter can convection occur in?
Liquids and gases
28
As you heat a liquid or gas, what happens to the kinetic store of the particles?
Increases
29
As you heat a liquid or gas, what happens to the spaces between the particles ?
Increases
30
As you heat a liquid or gas, the heated part becomes _________ dense?
Less
31
What is wrong with the following statement - "as you heat a substance, the speed of movement of the particles increases and they expand"
The particles do not expand. The space between the particles expands.
32
Where do convection currents occur in real life? Give 2 examples
Near radiators, in kettles or fluid in a pan on the stove, in the atmosphere, within the Earth's core, hot air balloons...
33
What is the main difference between radiation and conduction and convection?
Conduction and convection rely on particles.
34
What kind of wave is infrared radiation?
Transverse
35
If we increase the temperature of an object, what happens to the infrared radiation it emits?
It increases
36
Which surfaces are the best emitters and absorbers of radiation?
matt black
37
Which surfaces are the worst emitters and absorbers of radiation?
Shiny white or silver
38
Why do we use insulators?
To reduce unwanted energy transfers by heating
39
List 3 features in a home that can reduce unwanted energy transfers?
Draft excluders, double glazing, carpets, curtains, cavity wall insulation, loft insulation, radiator reflectors, fireplace chimney balloons
40
What are the main chemical elements found in plastic?
Carbon and hydrogen
41
3. In a plastic, short chain m__________ are made into long chain p__________. The process is known as _________________________.
monomer, polymer, polymerisation
42
Which element (beginning with C ) is the fundamental building block of life?
Carbon
43
Name a process that removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
Photosynthesis, dissolving atmospheric CO2 into seawater
44
Name 2 processes that add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Weathering of limestone, combustion of hydrocarbons, respiration from animals and plants
45
When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, what happens to the pH?
It decreases - the water becomes more acidic.
46
By which process does carbon dioxide enter a plant?
Photosynthesis
47
Which gas makes up 78% of our atmosphere?
Nitrogen
48
Approximately how much oxygen is there in the air we breathe?
21%
49
Which layer of the Earth's atmosphere do we live in?
Troposphere
50
What happens to the atmosphere as you gain altitude?
It becomes less dense
51
The Sun’s energy reaches the Earth and is ……………………. by the surface. The energy is emitted as …………………. (heat) radiation
absorbed. Infrared
52
Give two examples of greenhouse gases
water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide
53
What do greenhouse gases do?
Absorb infrared radiation emitted by the Earth's surface. This causes the temperature of the atmosphere to increase.

Year 7 Science 23/24 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions