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Physics > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

Define energy

A

The ability to do work

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2
Q

Define work

A

The transfer of energy

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3
Q

What are the 8 energy stores?

A

Kinetic
Electrostatic
Magnetic
Thermal
Gravitational potential
Chemical
Elastic potential
Nuclear

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4
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated

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5
Q

How can energy be transferred?

A

Heating
Waves / radiation
Electrically
Mechanically

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6
Q

What happens to a moving object’s kinetic energy store because of friction?

A

Some of its kinetic energy store will transfer to the surface’s thermal energy store

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7
Q

Define force

A

The push or pull on an object

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8
Q

What is resultant force?

A

When the push and pull on an object are not equal and the motion of the object changes

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9
Q

What is the equation for work done?

A

Work done = force x distance
W = F x D

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10
Q

What is weight and what is it measured in?

A

A force due to gravity and is measured in Newtons (N)

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11
Q

What is mass and what is it measured in?

A

The amount of matter that makes up an object and is measured in kilograms (kg)

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12
Q

What is the equation for weight?

A

Weight = mass x gravitational field strength
W = M x G

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13
Q

What is the gravitational field strength of earth?

A

9.8 N/kg

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14
Q

What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

A

Gravitational potential energy = mass x gravitational field strength x height
Ep = M x G x H

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15
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy = 0.5 x mass x speed²
Ek = 0.5 x M x V²

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16
Q

What happens to the gravitational potential energy of an object as it falls?

A

It loses gravitational potential energy and gains kinetic energy
Loss in Ek = Gain in Ep

17
Q

What happens to the gravitational potential energy of an object when its thrown in the air?

A

It gains gravitational potential energy and loses kinetic energy
Loss in Ep = Gain in Ek

18
Q

How is the power of a device defined?

A

The energy transferred per second

19
Q

What is the equation for power?

A

Power = energy / time
P = E / T

20
Q

What is the equation for efficiency?

A

Useful energy output / total energy input

21
Q

How can machines be made more efficient?

A

By reducing:
Noise due to vibrations
Friction between moving parts
Electrical resistance
Air resistance

Physics (8 decks)

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