Energy Flashcards
What type of consumers are herbivores?
Primary
What gets us energy directly from the sun?
Plants
What gets its energy indirectly from the sun?
Animals
What is a producer?
Plant
Why are plants called producers?
They produce their own energy from sunlight
Why do organisms need energy?
To grow
What is the plant process of converting sunlight into the type of energy that allows them to grow called?
Photosynthesis
What is a consumer? Why?
Animals because they get their energy from consuming (eating) other things. They take the energy from the animals/plants that they eat
What is a primary consumer?
Herbivore
What is a secondary consumer?
An animal that eats herbivores. It could be a carnivore or an omnivore
What is a tertiary consumer?
The third consumer in a food chain. They eat secondary consumers (could be carnivores or omnivores)
What order of consumer is a cow?
Primary
Give some example of decomposes?
Worms, fungi, bacteria
How do decomposers get their energy?
From eating dead plants and animals
Why are decomposers thought of as recyclers?
They release the nutrients in dead organisms back into the soil. Plants then use the nutrients. This means the nutrients are recycled .
What are nutrients?
Substances in food (or soil) that living things need to live, grow and to stay healthy
What are nutrients used for?
To live
What makes something a source of energy?
It is something a living organism gets food from
Where do humans get their energy from?
From the food we eat
What does an food chain show?
A food chain.
Shows the order in which energy goes from the sun to plant to animal
How is energy transferred to producers?
Photosynthesis
What are the different types of energy?
Light
Sound
Heat
Movement
Three examples of light energy?
Sun
Lightning
Lamp
Candle
Three examples of sound energy
Trumpet
Trombone
Candle
Piano
Drums
Bird
Whistling
Thunder
Heat energy- four examples
Camp fire
Braai
Oven
Heater
Hairdryer
Where is crude oil found?
Deep underground
Where does the energy in crude oil come from?
From small sea creatures and plants that lived millions of years ago
What is a system?
Something that has multiple parts that work together to do something
Give 2 examples of systems
Machines and appliance
What is the energy that goes into a system?
Input energy
What is the difference between music and noise?
Noise is random or unorganised sound. Music is organised sound.
What causes sound from instruments?
Movement that vibrates air in a flute or material such as guitar strings.
Describe some instruments and what input movement makes the sound.
Flute = blow to move air through it
Tambourine = shake or hitting it
Guitar = pluck or strum the strings
Describe the differences in energy input
1) percussion instruments
2) wind instruments
3) string instruments
1) hitting
2) Blowing
3) plucking (guitar) or rubbing the strings (violin)
How does changing a vibration change the music?
Changes the frequency of the sound wave. High frequency = high pitch and vice versa.
What does indigenous mean?
where it came from originally
What is the input energy for musical instruments?
Movement
What is the output energy for musical instruments?
Sound
How is it played and what is it made of?
Flute
Blow across
Silver plated metal
How is it played and what is it made of?
Kwela flute
Blowing
Made of wood
How is it played and what is it made of?
French horn
Blow in it
made Of brass
How is it played and what is it made of?
Kudu horn
Blow into it
Made of a judo horn
How is it played and what is it made of?
Harp
Pluck the strings
Made of wood and wire
How is it played and what is it made of?
Krar
Bow, strum or pluck the strings
Made of wood
How is it played and what is it made of?
Violin
Drawing the bow across the string or plucking
Made of wood and nylon
How is it played and what is it made of?
Traditional musical bow
By plucking the string or scraping it with a bow or hitting
Made from sticks, calabash, string made from hide
