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Science > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What do you measure energy in

A

Joules
Kilojoules

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2
Q

State some examples of energy stores

A

Coal
Gas
Oil
Food

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3
Q

What do humans need energy for

A

Keep them warm
Let them move around
Breathe
Talk

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4
Q

Which people need more energy

A

Athletes

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5
Q

Why do people need to be careful with how much energy they take in

A

If they take more than they need or use, the body will store it as fat

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6
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be destroyed or created. It can only be transferred from one form to another

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7
Q

What is an energy store

A

Something that can store energy

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8
Q

How does burning conserve energy

A

Energy stored in fuel = Energy released from burning

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9
Q

How is energy transferred in a light bulb

A

Electricity -> Light and Heat

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10
Q

How is energy transferred in a motor

A

Electricity -> Kenetic and Heat

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11
Q

What is most energy wasted as

A

Heat

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12
Q

What does it mean when energy is dissipated

A

Energy that has been lost as heat to the surroundings

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13
Q

How can kinetic energy be stored

A

Using a flywheel

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14
Q

What is heat

A

A type of energy

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15
Q

What happens when particles heat up

A

They vibrate/move around faster and gain kinetic energy

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16
Q

What does the energy you need to
increase the temperature of a material depend on

A

The mass of material
Type of material
The temperature rise you want

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17
Q

Which way does heat flow from and to

A

From hot objects to cold objects

18
Q

What happens when objects are the same temperature

A

They are in thermal equilibrium

19
Q

What 3 ways can energy get from one place to another

A

Conduction
Convection
Infrared Radiation

20
Q

Explain how conduction works

A

Particles vibrate when heated. These collide with other particles and transfer the heat energy

21
Q

What materials are good conductors

A

Solids
Metals

22
Q

Explain how convection works

A

Particles get heated and spread out. This makes them less dense and the rise. When they rise, they lose heat to the surroundings and cool down. Finally they become dense and sink

23
Q

What materials are good at convection

A

Gases
Liquids

24
Q

Explain how radiation works

A

Objects that have a temperature or are hot, emit infrared radiation

25
Q

What objects are good at reflecting radiation

A

Shiny objects
Silver objects
White objects

26
Q

What objects are good at emitting and absorbing radiation

A

Rough objects
Matt objects
Black objects

27
Q

What objects give of infrared radiation

A

Objects with higher temperatures

28
Q

Why can solids not carry out convection

A

The particles cannot move around

29
Q

What method of heat transfer does not need particles to work

A

Infrared radiation

30
Q

What happens when something cools down

A

It emits more infrared radiation than it absorbs

31
Q

What can you use to see infrared

A

A thermal imaging camera

32
Q

Explain why gases are good insulators

A

They are spaced out so the particles cannot collide with each other

33
Q

What is a fossil fuel

A

A fuel made from dead plants/ animals

34
Q

What are 3 different fossil fuels

A

Coal
Oil
Natural gas

35
Q

What does non-renewable mean

A

It is used up faster than it can be made

36
Q

What does finite mean

A

There is a limited amount of a resource

37
Q

How does a thermal power station work

A

Burn fuel, heat made boils water, steam turns turbine which turns a generator, generating electricity

38
Q

Give some disadvantages of fossil fuels

A

Create Carbon Dioxide when burnt
Non renewable

39
Q

Name some non renewable energy

A

Fossil Fuels
Nuclear Fuels

40
Q

Give some examples of renewable energy sources

A

Wind
Solar
Tidal
Biomass

Science (17 decks)

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