Energy Flashcards
ATP breakdown:
- Hydrolysis of ATP molecule by H2O
- Phosphate molecule is released from ATP (ATP—> ADP)
- Energy is released
ATP Resynthesis:
- ATP must be regenerated_
2.ATP is formed by _recombination of ADP and P
3.Regeneration of ATP requires energy (from
breakdown of food molecules)
Aerobic production of ATP
Occurs in mitochondria of muscle cell
- About 300 per cell - increased with training
Glycogen (plus fats) to ATP, no lactic acid
18 times more ATP per unit of glucose than anaerobic processes.
Yields 36 ATP per glucose molecule
The most important energy system_
Primary source of energy (70-95%) in exercise lasting longer than 10 minutes provided that:
a) working muscles have sufficient mitochondria to meet energy needs
b) sufficient oxygen is supplied to the mitochondria
c) enzymes or intermediate products do not limit the Kreb’s cycle
how much ATP is yielded from 1 molecule of glucose and one molecule of fat in the Aerobic (Oxidative) production of ATP
Glucose: 36 ATP
Fat: 460 ATP
What are the two cycles in Aerobic Production of ATP
- Krebs cycle in mitochondria
2. Cori cycle in liver
Kreb’s Cycle:
Production of ATP in the mitochondria of cells (muscle cells in this case)
Using CHO, fats (protein) and oxygen
While giving CO2 and H2O as _byproducts
Cori’s cycle:
Lactic acid is taken to liver to be metabolized back into pyruvate acid and then glucose
Effect of Training on Aerobic System:
- Oxidative enzyme increase
- increase glycogen stores
- Oxygen delivery capacity increased (capilaries increase, myoglobin increases)
- Increased triglyceride (fat) stored in muscle cells
What is used to measure the power of the aerobic system?
VO2 max = ml/min/kg
Factors contributing to high aerobic power:
a) Cardiac output
b) Arterial oxygen content
c) Tissue oxygen extraction
