Endospores: Overview and Sporulation

Question 1

name some genera that synthesize endospores

Answer 1

Bacillus and Clostridium, gram +ive that live in soil

Question 2

Fn of endopsores

Answer 2

tough, resistant to heat, UV, gamma rays, desiccation and disinfectant. enable organism to survive during times of nutrient depletion etc.

Question 3

What is sporulation

Answer 3

process of a vegetative cell producing an endospore

Question 4

how many genes and hours required for sporulation

Answer 4

200 genes and 8 hours

Question 5

How is sporulation triggers

Answer 5

when vegetative cell becomes depleted of source of carbon or nitrogen

Question 6

What is the first step of sporulation

Answer 6

chromosome is replicated

Question 7

when happens after chromosome is replicated during sporulation

Answer 7

PM forms a septum that divides the cytoplasm asymmetrically into 2. each one has a copy of the chromosome

Question 8

what is the larger and smaller part called after dividing assymetrically

Answer 8

mother cell and forespore.

Question 9

What happens after cytoplasm divides asymmetrically

Answer 9

mother cell engulfs forespore. forespore is now protoplast w/2layers of membrane

Question 10

what happens after protoplast formation

Answer 10

cortex is synthesized btwn the 2 membrane of the forespore

Question 11

what happens after cortex formation

Answer 11

spore coat and exosporium are synthesize outside the OM. the core is partially dehydrated

Question 12

what happens after core is dehydrated

Answer 12

endopsore matures and becomes retractile (bright under microscope)

Question 13

final step of sporulation

Answer 13

mother cell lyses releasing the endospore. there is one endospore per cell