Capsules and Slime Layer

Question 1

Describe the structure of capsules and slime layer

Answer 1

composed of sticky polysaccharides

Question 2

When is the structure called a capsule

Answer 2

if it adheres tightly to the cell

Question 3

When is the structure called a slime layer

Answer 3

not as organized and is not as well attached to the cell

Question 4

What kind of stain can be used

Answer 4

negative staining

Question 5

What is the fn of capsules/slime layer

Answer 5

aids in attachment to surfaces, key component in biofilms, hydrophilic and will bind to water preventing dessication, can inhibit phagocytosis

Question 6

How is phagocytosis inhibited by capsules/slime layer

Answer 6

covers structure used by phagocytes for attachment. this inhibits the uptake of phagocytosis

Question 7

What are Leuconostoc

Answer 7

gram +ive cocci. one of several genera of lactic acid bacteria (LAB)

Question 8

Give an industrial application of Leuconostoc

Answer 8

one species has a capsule composed of dextran which is isolated and used as a plasma volume expander

Question 9

What are Xanthomonas

Answer 9

gram -ive rod. its capsule is a heteropolysaccharde, commonly called xanthan gum

Question 10

Give an industrial application of Xanthomonas

Answer 10

used as a food stabilizer and thickener