Endoscopes

Question 1

laparoscopic access + dissection devices

Answer 1

accessory

• dissecting balloon uses a distention balloon to separate tissues
• forms a discrete cavity for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs

Question 2

camera

Answer 2

viewing

• projects images of an enclosed space when the camera head is connected to the eyepiece of an endoscope with light cord attached
• pass the plug end of the camera off the sterile field to be plugged into camera box

Question 3

light cord

Answer 3

accessory

• tight bundle of fiber optic strands of glass that transmits light into an enclosed space when connected to endoscope
• broken fiber optics result from being crushed of coiled too tightly

Question 4

laparoscope

Answer 4

viewing

• endoscope placed through a trocar sleeve into the abdomen to view organs
• the outer edge of the scope is surrounded by light fibers that pass through the light cord to illuminate the abdomen

Question 5

veress needle

Answer 5

supply

• introduces CO2 gas into the abdomen to distend abdominal cavity allowing visibility
• inserted into the initial incision site and then attached to insufflation tubing

regular or long

Question 6

insufflation tubing

Answer 6

supply

• this tubing is attached to a CO2 gas pump at one end, the other is attached to veress needle
• tubing has an inline filter to reduce contaminants that may enter the surgical site

Question 7

trocar with sleeve

Answer 7

supply/ retractor/ viewing/ cutting

trocar: used to dissect through abd tissue to provide access to the abd cavity during endoscopic procedures

sleeve: provides a leak free seal that protects the skin and tissue layers from damage sustained while manipulating instruments

5+ 10 mm
blade, non blade, blunt, optical, obturator

Question 8

trocar anchoring system

Answer 8

(grips, hasson anchors)

supply

• used in open technique when a blunt trochar with an anchor is inserted without the prior use of pneumoperitoneum through a small incision
• sutures placed on both sides of the sleeve and wrapped around the anchor to seal it

Question 9

SILS port

Answer 9

(single incision laparoscopic surgery port)

supply

• flexible laparoscopic port that can accommodate up to three instruments
• used through a single incision

Question 10

reducer cap

Answer 10

(toilet seat)

supply

• clips the top of a 12 mm or 10 mm trocar sleeve allowing 5 mm instruments to be used in larger ports
• prevents loosing pressure in the pneumonoperitoneum

Question 11

micro scissors

Answer 11

cutting/ dissecting

• used to make very small cuts in fine structures
• such as the cystic duct

Question 12

hook scissors

Answer 12

cutting/ dissecting

• hooked tie helps to keep slippery structures within the jaws of scissors while cut is made
• such slippery structures as ducts and vessels)

Question 13

endoshear scissor

Answer 13

cutting/ dissecting

• most frequently used very sharp dissecting scissor
• used similarly as Metz scissors in an open case

5mm or 10mm

Question 14

endo grasper

Answer 14

grasping/ holding

• traumatic: has wide jaw used to grasp and manipulate larger amounts of tissue
• comes in locking and non locking

Question 15

bullet tipped grasper

Answer 15

grasping/ holding

• atraumatic: common grasper used on most tissue types
• it is named for its tip which is shaped like a bullet

Question 16

maryland dissector

Answer 16

(dolphin dissector)

grasping/ holding/ dissecting

• atraumatic: used similarly as a debakey would be in an open case
• fine curved tip is used for blunt dissection of fatty or thin tissue

Question 17

aggressive tooth grasper

Answer 17

(mother in law, gallbladder grasper)

grasping/ holding

• traumatic: used hold tissue that will be removed, be sure the surgeon is aware its got teeth
• commonly used to remove slippery gallbladder

5 mm or 10 mm

Question 18

endoscopic allis clamp

Answer 18

grasping/ holding

• traumatic: used to firmly hold moderate strength tissue
• also for tissue that is being removed

Question 19

endoscopic Babcock

Answer 19

grasping/ holding

• atraumatic: used for grasping fragile tissues
• just like the conventional Babcock clamp, it grasps bowel, appendix, stomach safely

Question 20

Olson clamp

Answer 20

(cholangiogram clamp)

grasping/ holding

• atraumatic: used during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in conjunction with a catheter dye in syringe
• the catheter is loaded into the lumen of the handle of the clamp, then the syringe of dye is connected to the catheter

Question 21

endoscopic biopsy punch

Answer 21

cutting

• traumatic: used to remove a bite of tissue
• sent as a specimen to pathology

Question 22

blunt probe

Answer 22

retracting/ viewing/ probing

• atraumatic: used to manipulate tissues
• usually while exploring the abdomen and pelvis

Question 23

needle aspirator

Answer 23

suctioning

• traumatic: this device is used to collapse fluid filled cysts or the gallbladder
• the leur lock end of the tube is attached to suction

Question 24

suction bovie

Answer 24

suctioning/ occluding

• attached to suction at its leur lock end and to an electrical cord at the metal prong
• allows the surgeon to evacuate bovie smoke from the field as it is produced

Question 25

hook bovie

Answer 25

occluding/ cutting - has a hook on the end to allow the surgeon to hook around tissue and cut through it using electrical current - activated with a foot pedal *L and J hook varieties

Question 26

endo catch

Answer 26

(retrieval pouch, specimen pouch) supply - single use specimen pouch to retrieve a specimen and remove it through a sleeve - once contents are placed into the pouch the ring on the end is pulled

Question 27

laparoscopic fan retractor

Answer 27

retracting/ viewing - atraumtic: used to bluntly retract the liber or other broad organs -the dial at the bottom widens the fingers to create the broad fan

Question 28

endoscopic kitten/ peanut/ cherry

Answer 28

supply - blunt laparoscopic dissection in small areas

Question 29

anti fog

Answer 29

(fred) supply - used on the tip of scopes to prevent fogging when a cold scope is placed in a warm body - solution is placed on the sponge, then adhered to drapes

Question 30

scope warmer

Answer 30

supply - used to warm the tips of scopes prevent fogging when placed in warm body - heat activation varies per device