Endometrial Changes & Mentral Phases Flashcards
What does the endometrium correlate with?
The ovulatory cycle of the ovary
What affects the endometrium?
Varying levels of progesterone and estrogen
What SHOULD the endometrium also correlate with?
The patients Menstural status
What are the 3 phases?
Menstral phase, proliferative phase, and secretory phase
During the Menstral phase, how long does it last?
Approximately 1-5 days
During the Menstral phase, what decreases? What does this cause?
Progesterone levels decrease causing spiral arterioles to constrict
Zonal functionalis ischemia sheds
The Menstral phase coincides with?
The follicular phase of the ovarian cycle
During the Menstral phase, what happens to the endometrium?
It is a thin line - late Menstral phase
The proliferative phase lasts until when?
Until luteinization of the Graafian follicle - ovulation
During the proliferative phase, what happens to the follicle growth?
Follicles regrow with FSH stimulation; estrogen rises
During the proliferative phase, what happens to the superficial layer of the endometrium?
It regenerates and grows
During the proliferative phase, the endometrium is prepared for what?
Implantation
During the proliferative phase, the endometrium has a how many line phase?
A 3 line phase
During the proliferative phase, the endometrium has a 3 line phase that measures?
4-8 mm zona basalis anteriorly & posteriorly
Uterine cavity central line
During the late proliferative phase, what do the 3 lines look like & what is their measurement?
Thickened 3 lines measuring 6-10 mm; isoechoic to the myometrium
The secretory phase consists of what days?
Days 15-28 or onset of menses
During the secretory phase, what is secreted and what happens to the arteries?
Progesterone is secreted by ovary - spiral arteries & endometrial glands enlarge
During the secretory phase, what is finalized?
Endometrial lining is finalized for implantation if fertilization occurs
During the secretory phase, corresponds with what phase?
The luteal phase of ovary
During the secretory phase, what does the endometrium look like? What does it measure?
Thick endometrium with posterior acoustic enhancement & measures 7-14 mm; becomes echogenic
What does the endometrium of an ovulatory patient (on birth control or post menopausal) look like?
Thin, echogenic line
What does the endometrium of a postmenopausal patient not on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) look like?
Endometrial thickness of less than 5 mm
What does the endometrium of a postmenopausal patient on HRT or Tamoxifen look like?
Endometrium is up to 8 mm
