Endomembrane system Flashcards
What does the endomembrane system consist of?
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, endosomes, lysosomes, and vacuoles
What does the endomembrane system do?
ship stuff back and forth
How is stuff shipped?
Membrane bound vesicles
Can organelles build temporary connections with each other? What are these called?
Yes, membrane contact sites
Regulated secretion
Materials sent out in response to a stimulus
How do vesicles get to the right place?
“sorting signals” in amino acids of proteins or oligosaccharides recognized by receptors of membranes/surface coats
What is autoradiography
A method to visualize biochemical processes via processing of radioactive materials in a cell
What do GFP studies do
Allows us to understand the role of proteins and the relationships between organelles that use them
Are smooth and rough ER continuous?
Yes
What does smooth ER do?
Synthesizing steroid hormones, detoxification, releasing calcium ions
What does rough ER do?
Protein and membrane lipid synthesis
How can proteins be delivered into the mitochondrial membrane?
Outer/inner mito membrane, intermembrane space, matrix
How are mitochondrial proteins guided where they need to go?
Signal sequences (Usually removable, at N terminus of molecule)
What needs to happen before a protein can entire a mitochondrion?
Proteins show up, mostly unfolded. TOM complex binds to it, proteins pass through intermembrane space, engage with another complex and chaperones that let it in, polypeptide refolds
