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endocrinology lectures phase 2 > endocrinology formative > Flashcards

endocrinology formative Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is not under
the control of the pituitary gland?
A. Thyroid
B. Adrenal cortex
C. Adrenal medulla
D. Testis
E. Ovary

A

adrenal medulla

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1
Q

Which of the following statements is
false?
A. The pituitary gland lies in
the sella turcica
B. The weight of the
pituitary gland is around
0.5g
C. ACTH is secreted from the
pituitary during stress
D. The pituitary regulates
calcium metabolism
E. The anterior and posterior
pituitary are distinct on an
MRI scan

A

The pituitary regulates
calcium metabolism

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2
Q

In men all the following are mainly
produced in the adrenal cortex
except?
A. DHEAS
B. Testosterone
C. Aldosterone
D. 17-OH progesterone
E. Androstenedione

A

testosterone

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3
Q

Which of the following regarding AVP
is false?
A. AVP levels have a linear
relationship with serum
osmolality
B. is produced in the pituitary
gland
C. stimulates reabsorption of
water in the collecting duct of
the nephron
D. in hypotension baroreceptors
predominantly activate ADH
production and secretion
E. Further AVP production is no
longer effective once urine
osmolality has reached a
plateau

A

is produced in the pituitary
gland

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4
Q

Where is growth hormone’s main site
of action to stimulate IGF1 release?
A. Bone
B. Liver
C. Adrenal cortex
D. Muscle
E. Pancreas

A

liver

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5
Q

The following are typical features of
excess growth hormone secretion
except?
A. Polyuria
B. Joint pains
C. Sweating
D. Hypotension
E. Headaches

A

hypotension

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6
Q

The following hormones all have a
circadian rhythm except?
A. Cortisol
B. Testosterone
C. DHEA
D. 17OH progesterone
E. Thyroxine (T4)

A

Thyroxine (T4)

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7
Q

Typical features of cortisol deficiency
include the following except?
A. Hypotension
B. Muscle aches
C. Weight loss
D. Hyperglycaemia
E. Lethargy

A

hyperglycaemia

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8
Q

A 38 year old lady presented with weight gain,
menorrhagia and constipation. She is most likely to be
suffering from?
A. Cushing’s syndrome
B. Addison’s disease
C. Primary
hypothyroidism
D. Graves disease
E. Acromegaly

A

primary hypothyroidism

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9
Q

Which test would you likely want to perform in
a patient with proximal muscle weakness,
purple striae and thin skin?
A. Synacthen test
B. Overnight
dexamethasone
suppression test
C. Insulin tolerance
test
D. Glucagon test
E. Skin allergy tests

A

B. Overnight
dexamethasone
suppression test

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10
Q

A 24 year old girl presented with hirsutism,
oligomenorrhoea and acne. What test would you
likely carry out from the ones below?
A. Ultra sound
adrenals
B. Ultra sound ovaries
C. MRI ovaries
D. CT scan adrenals
E. Prolactin

A

ultra sound ovaries

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11
Q

A 54 year old gentleman presented with
hyponatraemia. All the following conditions need
excluding before confirming SIADH except?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Hypervolaemia
C. Euvolaemia
D. Adrenal
insufficiency
E. Diuretic use

A

C. Euvolaemia

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12
Q

A 66 year old gentleman had a serum sodium of 124
mmol/l, serum osmolality 265 mmol/l and a urine
sodium of 52 mmol/l. What would you like to perform
first?
A. Chest X-ray
B. CT brain
C. Skin turgor and
jugular venous
pressure test
D. Thyroid function
tests
E. Synacthen test

A

C. Skin turgor and
jugular venous
pressure test

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13
Q

The following are most likely causes
of SIADH except?
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Lung abscess
C. Subdural
haemorrhage
D. Lymphoma
E. Cerebrovascular
accident

A

multiple sclerosis

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14
Q

A 28 year old presented with a microprolactinoma?
What is the most unlikely symptom?
A. Galactorrhoea
B. Oligomenorrhoea
C. Decreased sexual
appetite
D. Headaches
E. Visual field defects

A

visual field defects

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15
Q

The following suppress appetite
except:
A. Peptide YY
B. Ghrelin
C. CCK
D. GLP1
E. Glucose

A

ghrelin

16
Q

The main adipose signal to the brain
is
A. CCK
B. Neuropeptide y
C. Leptin
D. Agouti-related
peptide
E. Adiponectin

A

leptin

17
Q

A 65 year old lady is diagnosed with SIADH.
Her sodium is 123mmol/l. What is your first
line of management?
A. If she is symptomatic I will
treat with fluid restriction
B. If she is asymptomatic I
will treat with hypertonic
saline
C. If she is asymptomatic I
will treat with fluid
restriction
D. If she is asymptomatic I
will repeat the sodium
level the next day
E. If she is asymptomatic I
will give normal saline

A

If she is asymptomatic I
will treat with fluid
restriction

18
Q

A patient with Addison’s disease
presents with a chest infection. What
do you do?
A. Omit his steroids to
avoid
immunosuppression
B. Stop his steroids as they
have precipitated a
chest infection
C. Double his steroid dose
whilst unwell
D. Keep him on his usual
steroid dose
E. Not of the above

A

C. Double his steroid dose
whilst unwell

19
Q

The following tests are typical of
secondary hypogonadism
A. Low LH; High
testosterone
B. Low LH; Low
testosterone
C. High prolactin; high
testosterone
D. Low FSH; Low
prolactin
E. None of the above

A

Low LH; Low
testosterone

20
Q

Typical features of hypogonadism in a
male include the following except:
A. Decreased sweating
B. Joint and muscular
aches
C. Decreased sexual
appetite
D. Decreased hair
growth
E. Asymptomatic

A

decreased sweating

21
Q

A patient has a noon testosterone level
below the normal range. What will you
do?
A. Treat with
testosterone gel
B. Repeat the test at
0900h and check for
symptoms
C. Repeat the test at
noon to keep things
equal
D. Refer to
endocrinology
E. Ignore it

A

B. Repeat the test at
0900h and check for
symptoms

22
Q

The first line treatment for a patient
with a symptomatic prolactinoma is
usually:
A. Radiotherapy
B. Transphenoidal
surgery
C. Dopamine agonists
D. Transfrontal surgery
E. Somatostatin
analogues

A

dopamine agonists

23
Q

Typical visual field defect of a patient
with a large pituitary mass is
A. Unilateral
quadrantanopia
B. Bitemporal
hemianopia
C. Complete unilateral
visual field loss
D. Complete bilateral
visual field loss
E. None of the above

A

B. Bitemporal
hemianopia

24
Q

Satiety is
A. The physiological
feeling of no hunger
B. Inhibited by
activation of POMC
neurons
C. The physiological
feeling of hunger
D. Induced by ghrelin
release
E. Enhanced by Agoutirelated peptide

A

The physiological
feeling of no hunger

25
Q

The centres of appetite regulation in
the brain are mainly found in the:
A. Pituitary
B. Cerebellum
C. Hypothalamus
D. Basal ganglia
E. Brain cortex

A

hypothalamus

26
Q
A

endocrinology lectures phase 2 (17 decks)

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