Endocrinology

Question 1

What are eicosanoids ?

Answer 1

Hormones derived from fatty acids (mostly arachidonic acid).
Eg : prostaglandin and thromboxane.

Question 2

What are the hormones that binds to intracellular receptors ?

Answer 2

Lipophilic hormones which easily diffuse through cell membranes.

PET CAT : Progesterone, Estrogen, Testosterone, Cortisol, Aldosterone, Thyroid hormones.

Question 3

Where is melatonin secreted ?

Answer 3

In the pineal gland via stimulation of noradrenaline.
Melatonin regulates the sleep/wake cycle.

Question 4

Which hormones are produced by the adrenal gland ?

Answer 4

Steroids hormones such as : aldosterone, cortisol and androgens

Question 5

What is the role of the parathyroid hormone ?

Answer 5

It regulates calcium levels by :
- increasing bone resorption
- increasing calcium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule
- promoting vitamin D activation

This leads to increased serum calcium level