Endocrine System Fill in the Blank Flashcards
The endocrine system secretes hormones directly into the
bloodstream
helps to maintain
homeostasis
___________ glands release secretions into duct that carries them into other areas/outside of body
ex: sweat glands, pancreatic secretions for digestion
exocrine glands
___________ gland releases hormone directly into bloodstream
have no ducts (ductless glands)
ex: thyroid or pancreas
endocrine glands
there is one of these type of glands located on top of each kidney
adrenal glands
the 2 sections of the adrenal glands are
adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla
the adrenal ________ contains corticosteroids
cortex
the adrenal __________ secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine
medulla
Only organ that has both exocrine and endocrine functions
Pancreas
the exocrine portion of the pancreas releases _________ enzymes that are released through the ________
digestive; duodenum
the endocrine portion of the pancreas has _______ of _________ that produce insulin and glucagon
Islets of Langerhans
Insulin is produced by ________ cells
BETA
Glucagon is produced by _______ cells
ALPHA
_____ stimulates cells to take in glucose form bloodstream, lowers blood sugar level, occurs after eating a carb contained meal
Insulin
_________ stimulates liver to release stored glucose into bloodstream, raises blood sugar levels, occurs when we need more glucose
glucagon
Parathyroid hormones regulates
calcium level in bloodstream
if calcium gets too low ____________ hormone rises in blood, stimulates __________, releases more _______ into bloodstream
-parathyroid
-bone breakdown
-calcium
the ________ gland secretes melatonin
pineal
pineal gland is part of ___________ region of brain
thalamus
pineal gland plays a role in __________ rhythms
circadian
the __________ gland divides into anterior and posterior lobes
pituitary
pituitary gland is regulated by the
hypothalamus
the pituitary gland can also be called the
master gland
the anterior pituitary secretes 7 hormones. they are (FLAT PeG)
- follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- luteinizing hormone (LH)
- adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- prolactin
6.endorphins
7.growth hormone (GH)
growth hormone is also called
somatotropin
somatotropin stimulates
cell growth and divide
prolactin stimulates
milk production in breast
Melanocytes-stimulating hormone stimulates
melanocytes to produce more melanin
thyroid-stimulating hormone regulates
function of thyroid gland
Adrenocorticotropin hormone regulates
function of adrenal cortex
follicle-stimulating hormone is responsible for development of ___________ and stimulates ovaries to secrete _____
development of ova and sperm; estrogen
luteinizing hormone stimulates ______ __ ___________ and plays a role in ______ _____ _________
secretion of sex hormones; releasing ova in females
Posterior pituitary has 2 hormones. they are
Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
antodiuretic is also called ________ and promotes _____ _______ by the ______ ________
vasopressin; promotes water reabsorption by the kidney tubules
oxytocin stimulates
uterine contraction during labor and delivery
after birth, oxytocin stimulates
release of milk from breast
thyroid gland is located on
either side of trachea
there are 2 thyroid hormones. they are
thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)
T3 needs ______ to make hormones
iodine
hormones in T3 regulate ______ ______ and adjust _____ _______
-energy production
-metabolic rate
if calcium levels rise too high 3 things happen
1. _______ levels in blood increase
2. increase deposition of calcium into ____
3. decrease levels of calcium in __________
- calcitonin
- bone
- bloodstream
