Endocrine System Flashcards
Why do certain hormones only trigger certain organs if they always travel past the wrong receptors in the bloodstream?
Because different types of hormones are unique in shape, therefore specific to one certain receptor - just like the lock and key.
What do hormones physically do in order for action to take place?
Hormones bind the receptor and the cell, which can then respond to the signal.
Fill the blanks:
The endocrine system is another type of _____________ ______ in the body. This uses _____ to transport signals (________). This means that the signal released into the _____ will be ___________ throughout the body. This is ______ than the _______ system.
Communication system Blood (Hormones) Blood Transported Slower Nervous
What is a gland?
A gland produces a hormone and releases it into the blood.
Are glands ductless?
Yes. This means that they have no hole, the chemicals diffuse through.
Give 3 examples of glands, the main hormone they secrete and a bit of what they control
Pancreas - insulin - blood glucose Thyroid - thyroxine - metabolism Adrenal - adrenaline - fight or flight Testes - testosterone - male stuff Pituitary - growth Ovaries - oestrogen - female stuff Thymus - glucose
The thyroid is referred to as the master gland. True or false?
False, the pituitary gland is
Which hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle?
FSH
LH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
On a scale of 1 - 28 days, when does:
a) The period start
b) and egg get released?
a) 1 day
b) 14 days
How is adrenaline different to thyroxine?
Adrenaline is only secreted by the adrenal gland when necessary to prepare the body for fight or flight by enhancing reactions and making the pupils dilate. Thyroxine controls metabolism rates, so needs to constantly be secreted into the bloodstream be the thyroid. Therefore, thyroxine works on a negative feedback loop, whereas adrenaline doesn’t
Give some effects of adrenaline
Pupils dilate
The blood in the digestive system travels to the muscles to help give more oxygen and power to the limbs
Heart rate quickens
How does a negative feedback loop work if the level goes above the ideal level?
The sensors detect a change in the environment, which GOES SOMEWHERE, then the effectors make a change happen to bring the level back down ti the ideal level
What are the 4 main things that the body controls?
Water levels
Ion levels
Blood glucose
Temperature
Glucagon is the main hormone involved in controlling glucose levels. True or false?
False - although it is involved with blood glucose levels (when they are too low), insulin is considered the main hormone
What is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle?
FSH makes the eggs mature in the ovaries. It also stimulates oestrogen to be produced
