Endocrine System Flashcards
What are endocrine cells?
Cells with highly vascularised tissue specialised for synthesis, storage and release of hormones.
Where are hormones receptors located in a cell.
- if hormone is water-soluble, then on cell surface
- if hormone is lipid-soluble, then within cell.
Give examples of posterior pituitary hormones.
Vasopressin & Oxytocin.
Give examples of anterior pituitary hormones.
- Prolactin
- Gonadotropic hormones
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone
- ACTH
- Growth hormone.
What does ADH/vasopressin do?
Increases water retention.
What does oxytocin do?
Facilitates milk let down.
What does prolactin do?
Induces milk production.
What does the follicle-stimulating hormone and Luteinizing hormone do?
Regulates reproductive physiology by acting on ovaries and testes.
What do Leydig cells produce?
Testosterone.
What do Sertoli cells produce?
Sperm.
Define circadian rhythmicity.
Recurrent periods that repeat and approximate a 24 hour cycle.
Define free running/endogenous rhythm.
State of the oscillation when not influenced by any external time cues.
Define entrainment.
Process by which an environmental cue (e.g. light) regulates the period and phase relationship.
Define nocturnal.
Organisms are active during the night, inactive during the day.
Define diurnal.
Organisms are active during the day, inactive at night.
