Endocrine System-4 Flashcards
What is PRF?
Prolactin releasing factor
1) released by hypothalamus
2) stimulates release of PRL (prolactin) by anterior pituitary gland
PIH
Prolactin inhibiting hormone
- both men and women have this
- it’s role is unknown
What do prolactin and oxytocin do together?
They work together to:
Prolactin-stimulates milk production
Oxytocin-releases
Because of its role in milk production, prolactin levels are…
Controlled by circulating progesterone and estrogen
Why does the menstrual cycle in women occur?
Because of rising and falling levels of estrogen and progesterone
Why does breast tenderness during the menstrual cycle occur?
Because of a brief rise in prolactin levels
What is GH-RH and what is it made by?
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
Made by the hypothalamus
What does GH-RH cause?
The release of GH by the anterior pituitary
Adipose tissue GH promotes
Release of fatty acids
Liver GH promotes
The breakdown of glycogen thus elevating blood sugar levels (aka diabetogenic effect)
Somatomedins
- cartilage and bone growth
- muscle protein synthesis and growth
Giantism
Hypersecretion of GH in children
-it’s caused by over production of growth hormone in childhood before the long epiphyses closes resulting in adult height between 7 feet and 9 feet tall
Acromegaly
Hypersecretion of the growth hormone in adults
Notice enlarged hands, nose and jaw
Dwarfism
- considered to be an adult height of under 4 feet
- can be caused by about 200 distinct medical conditions
Achondroplastic dwarfism
NOT pituitary dwarfism but accounts for about 70% of all dwarfism cases.
Body isn’t proportional
