Endocrine System Flashcards
What does growth hormone do
Targets all tissues and organs and makes them grow. It is especially important in childhood and adolescence but in adults it can stimulate the rate at which older cells are replaced with newer cells (the cell turnover rate)
What does the thyroid stimulating hormone do
It stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormones
What is the adrenocorticotropic hormone
This hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex (the outer layer of the adrenal gland) to secrete its hormones
What does the follicle stimulating hormone do
This hormone’s target organs are the gonads (the male and female reproductive organs). In the female it stimulates the ovaries causing maturation of ova and the release of estrogen. In males it causes the testes to make sperm.
What does luteinizing hormone do
This hormone also targets the gonads. In the female it stimulate the ovaries causing development of the corpus luteum. In the male it stimulates the testes to make testosterone.
What does prolactin do
This hormone is released only after childbirth. It stimulates the mammary glands to make breast milk
What hormones does the anterior pituitary gland produce? (6)
Growth hormone (GH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin
What hormones do the posterior pituitary gland store and secrete
Oxycotin and antidiuretic hormones
What does oxytocin do
This hormone cause the uterus to contract during childbirth and also causes the mammary glands to release milk during breast feeding.
What does the antidiuretic hormone do
Causes the kidneys to retain water. Aka vasopressin
What hormones does the thyroid gland produce
Thyroxine or thyroid hormone and calcitonin
What does thyroxine do
Increases body cells’ rate of metabolism
