Endocrine System Flashcards
What is Oxytocin?
A hormone that manages aspects in male and female reproductive systems
Would a monogamous vole have more or less oxytocin receptors?
More; non-monogamous voles have lower levels of oxytocin and fewer receptors
What is a hormone?
Chemicals that coordinate different functions in the body
What are the two systems that coordinate functions throughout the body
Endocrine system
Nervous System
What is the Endocrine system made of?
Made of glands which secrete hormones
Is the Endocrine system slower or faster than the nervous system?
Slower; more sustained responses
True or False: The Endocrine system is less widespread than the nervous system
False! They are widespread and have more general widespread affects;
What is the nervous system made of?
made of nerve cells
The nervous system has faster and ____ responses
less sustained responses
Where does the nervous system impact?
Acts locally, impacting a specific effector
Why must organ systems communicate with each other?
maintain homeostasis
carry out other coordinate functions
What are hormones produced by?
Endocrine glands
Hormones are responsible for specific changes in what cells
target cells
What are the specialized nerve cells hormones can be released from
Neurosecretory cells
Where can hormone receptors be found?
within the cell or plasma membrane
What do hormones need in order to work?
A specific receptor
What are the two major classes of molecules that function as hormones?
Amino-Acid-derived hormones
Steroid Hormones
What do amino-acid-derived hormones look like?
large, hydophilic molecules (water soluble)
What do Steroid hormones look like?
small, hydrophobic (liquid-soluble)
What are steroid hormones made of?
cholesterol
Steroid hormones are Lipophilic, what does this mean?
they can bind or dissolve in lipids
Since steroid hormones are Lipophilic what can they do?
cross membrane and bind or dissolve in lipids
What do Animo-acid-derived hormones bind to?
receptors on the outer surface of the plasma membrane
What do Amino-acid-derived hormones trigger?
intracellular activity that carries out the effects of the hormone
What are the three stages of hormone signaling?
Reception
Signal transduction
Response
when does Reception occur?
occurs when hormone binds to a specific receptor protein on or in the target cell
What does signal transduction convert?
converts the signal from one to another
What does Response change?
Change in the cell’s behavior
What are the three major categories of stimuli
Humoral Stimuli
Neural Stimuli
Hormonal Stimuli
