Endocrine System Flashcards
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Pathology: explain
Acromegaly
Enlargement of the extremities cause by hyper secretion from the anterior portion of the pituitary after puberty
Pathology: explain
Cushing syndrome
A group of clinical features produced by excess secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex- signs and symptoms include obesity moon like faces (fullness of the face) hyperglycemia, osteoporosis
Pathology: explain
Diabetes Mellitus
Disorder of the pancreas that causes increase in blood sugar levels
Type 1- insulin dependent
Type 2- non insulin dependent
Pathology: explain
Diabetes Mellitus
Disorder of the pancreas that causes increase in blood sugar levels
Type 1- insulin dependent
Type 2- non insulin dependent
Pathology: explain
Goiter
Enlargement of the thyroid gland
Pathology: explain
Hyperthyroidism
Over activity of the thyroid gland; also called Graves’ disease or exophthalmic (eyeballs bulge outward)
Lab tests: explain
Fasting blood glucose
Measurement of glucose levels in a blood sample after a patient has been fasting 10-12hrs
Lab tests: explain
Serum and urine tests
Measurements of hormones, electrolytes and glucose levels in the blood and urine as indicators of endocrine function
Lab tests: explain
Thyroid function test
Measurements of
T4 (thyroxine)
T3 (triiodothyronine)
TSH (thyroid- stimulating hormone)
Diagnostic procedures: explain
Exophthalmometry
Measurement of eyeball protrusion as an indicator of Graves’ disease (hyperthyroidism)
Diagnostic procedure: explain
CT scan
Of pituitary gland and other endocrine organs
Diagnostic procedure: explain
MRI
Of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
Diagnostic procedure: explain
Radioactive iodine uptake
Uptake of radioactive iodine given by mouth and measured as evidence of thyroid function
Diagnostic procedure: explain
Thyroid scan
A radioactive compound is injected iv to localize in the thyroid gland producing images showing the presence of tumours or nodules in the gland
