Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medd100b Body Systems > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Trace the path of digestion

A

Food travels through the digestive system in the following order:
Mouth: Teeth grind up food and saliva moistens it. Saliva also begins breaking down carbohydrates.
Pharynx: Food and air pass through the oropharynx, a common passage for both.
Esophagus: Muscular contractions move food down to the stomach.
Stomach: Food is churned and mixed with digestive juices.
Small intestine: Food is mixed with digestive enzymes and bile. Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.
Large intestine: Water is removed from undigested matter and solid waste is formed.
Rectum: Part of the large intestine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Trace the path of digestion

A

Food travels through the digestive system in the following order:
Mouth: Teeth grind up food and saliva moistens it. Saliva also begins breaking down carbohydrates.
Pharynx: Food and air pass through the oropharynx, a common passage for both.
Esophagus: Muscular contractions move food down to the stomach.
Stomach: Food is churned and mixed with digestive juices.
Small intestine: Food is mixed with digestive enzymes and bile. Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.
Large intestine: Water is removed from undigested matter and solid waste is formed.
Rectum: Part of the large intestine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What solid organs support digestion

A

The digestive system also includes the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder, which are solid organs that support digestion. The liver breaks down fats, processes proteins and carbohydrates, and generates glucose. The pancreas secretes digestive juices and insulin. The gallbladder is located below the liver on the right side of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the livers role in digestion

A

The liver breaks down fats, processes proteins and carbohydrates, and generates glucose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pathology: what is Cholelithiasis

A

Abnormal condition of gallstones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pathology: what is Cirrhosis

A

Chronic disease of the liver with degeneration of liver cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pathology: what is Colonic Polyposis

A

Condition in which polyps protrude from the mucous membranes lining the colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pathology: what is
Diverticulosis

A

Abnormal condition of small pouches or sacs (diverticula) in the wall of the intestine (often the colon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pathology: what is
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

A condition in which contents of the stomach flow back into the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pathology: what is
Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pathology: what is
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

A

Inflammation of the terminal (last) portion of the ileum (Crohn’s disease) or inflammation of the colon (ulcerative colitis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pathology: what is
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

Signs and symptoms are cramping, abdo bloating, constipation and diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pathology: what is
Hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Cancer of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pathology: what is
Jaundice

A

Yellow-orange coloration of the skins and other tissue from high levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream (hyperbilirubinemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pathology: what is a Peptic ulcer

A

Open sore that develops in the lining of the stomach (gastric ulcer) or the first part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lab tests: explain
Hemoccult test (aka guaiac test)

A

Feces is smeared on special chemical paper that reacts with hidden blood
*used to screen for colon cancer

17
Q

Lab tests: explain
Liver function test

A

Measures liver enzymes to detect if liver damage has occurred.High bilirubin levels indicate jaundice caused by liver disease or other problems affecting the liver

18
Q

Lab tests: explain
Stool culture

A

Feces is placed on a growth medium (agar plates) and are cultured for microorganisms

19
Q

Abbreviations:

ALT, AST

BE

A

ALT, AST
Alanine Transaminase and Aspartate Trasaminase (liver enzymes measured as part of LFTs)

BE
Barium Enema (contrast agent)

20
Q

Abbreviations:

GB

GERD

A

GB
Gallbladder

GERD
Gastroesophageal reflux disease

21
Q

Abbreviations:

GI

IBD

A

GI
Gastrointestinal

IBD
Inflammatory bowel disease (crohns or ulcerative colitis)

22
Q

Abbreviations:

IBS

LFTs

A

IBS
Irritable bowel syndrome

LFTs
Liver function tests (ALT,AST, Bilirubin)

23
Q

Abbreviations:

NPO

TPN

A

NPO
Nothing by mouth (nil per os)

TPN
Total Parenteral Nutrition (iv solutions are given to maintain nutrition)

24
Q
A

Review image

25
Q

Define:
Pharynx

A

Throat

26
Q

What are the 3 parts of the small intestine

A

1-Duodenum
2-jejunum
3- ileum

27
Q

What is the:
Sigmoid colon

A

S shaped lower portion of the large intestine

28
Q

What is the final section of the colon

A

Rectum

29
Q

What is the small sac that hangs from the beginning of the large intestine

A

Appendix

30
Q

Organ that makes bile, stores sugar and produces protein to clot blood

A

Liver

31
Q

Sac that stores bile

A

Gallbladder

32
Q

Tube that carries bile from the liver to the gallbladder to the intestine

A

Common bile duct

33
Q

Glad that makes both digestive juices and insulin

A

Pancreas

34
Q

Roots:
col/o

A

Large intestine

35
Q

Root:
Proct/o

A

Anus and rectum

36
Q

Endocrine and exocrine glad near the stomach

A

Pancreas

37
Q

What is anastomosis?

A

An anastomosis is a surgical connection between two structures

Medd100b Body Systems (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions