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Medd100b Body Systems > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q
A

Discuss image

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2
Q

Pathology: explain
Aneurysm

A

Local widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall or breakdown of the wall from atherosclerosis

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3
Q

Pathology: explain
Angina

A

Chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to heart muscle

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4
Q

Pathology: explain
Arrhythmia

A

Abnormal heartbeat (rhythm)

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5
Q

Pathology: explain
Atherosclerosis

A

Hardening of Arteries with a collection of cholesterol-like plaque

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6
Q

Pathology: explain
Congestive heart failure

A

Inability of the heart to pump its required amount of blood. Blood accumulates in the lungs causing pulmonary edema

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7
Q

Pathology: explain
Hypertension

A

High blood pressure
Essential hypertension is high BP with no apparent cause and in secondary hypertension, another illness (kidney disease or adrenal glad disorder) is the cause of high BP

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8
Q

Pathology: explain
Myocardial Infarction

A

Heart attack- infraction is an area of dead (necrotic) tissue

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9
Q

Pathology: explain
Shock

A

A group of signs and symptoms indicating poor oxygen supply to tissues and insufficient return of blood to the heart

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10
Q

Lab tests: explain
Cardiac Enzyme Test

A

Measurement of enzymes released into the bloodstream after a heart attack
-Troponin is one enzyme (TNI)

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11
Q

Pathology: explain
Lipid Test

A

Measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides levels in the blood.

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12
Q

Pathology: explain
Lipoprotein test

A

Measurement of
high density lipoprotein (HDL)
and
low density lipoprotein (LDL)

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13
Q

Diagnostic procedures:explain angiography

A

Recording blood vessels after the injection of contrast into the bloodstream

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14
Q

Diagnostic procedures:explain angiography

A

Recording blood vessels after the injection of contrast into the bloodstream

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15
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Cardiac cauterization

A

Introducing a catheter into a vein or artery to measure pressure and flow pattern of blood.

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16
Q

Diagnostic procedure:
Doppler ultrasound

A

Measuring blood flow in vessels via sound waves

17
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Echocardiogram

A

Producing images of the heart via sound waves or echos

18
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Electrocardiography

A

Recording electricity flowing through the heart

19
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Holter monitor

A

Detection of abnormal heart rhythms that involves having a patient wear compact version of an electrocardiogram for 24hours

20
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Lipid tests

A

Measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.

Lipoprotein tests measure
(HDL,LDL)

21
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

Producing an image, by beaming magnetic waves at the heart, gives detailed information

22
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
MUGA

A

Imaging the motion of the heart wall muscles and assessing the function of the heart via a multiple gated acquisition scan using radioactive chemicals

23
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

A

Radioactive chemicals, which release radioactive particles through injection into the bloodstream and travel to the heart.

24
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Stress test

A

An ECG plus blood pressure and heart rate measurements details the hearts response to physical exertion (treadmill test)

25
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan

A

A radioactive chemical is injected iv and shows perfusion (flow) of blood in heart muscle

26
Q

Diagnostic procedures:
Thallium scan

A

Radioactive test that shows where injected thallium 201 localizes in the heart muscle

27
Q

Abbreviations

AAA

ACS

A

AAA-Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

ACS- acute coronary syndrome (leads to plaque/clot formation and heart attacks)

28
Q

Abbreviations

AMI

CABG

A

AMI- acute myocardial infarction

CABG- coronary artery bypass grafting (surgical placement of vessels, either a vein or artery to detour blocked coronary arteries)

29
Q

Abbreviations

CAD

CCU

A

CAD- coronary artery disease

CCU- coronary care unit

30
Q

Abbreviations

ICD

PCI

A

ICD- implanted cardioverter- defibrillator

PCI - percutaneous coronary intervention (placement of stent in BC a coronary artery to open the artery which includes ballon angioplasty)

Medd100b Body Systems (14 decks)

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