Endocrine System Flashcards
Chemicals released from one part of the body and carried to affect another part through the bloodstream
Hormones
Cells that have specific receptors so hormones know which cells to affect
Target cells
Hormone type that can pass directly through the cell membrane, forming a receptor complex which alters cell action
Steroid hormone (lipid soluble)
Hormone that binds to receptors on outside of cell membrane, activating a second messenger to continue response and alter cell action
Non Steroid hormone (water soluble)
Glands stimulated by other hormones secreted by other glands is what type of stimuli
Hormonal Stimuli
Nutrient and Ion levels in the blood cause glands to secrete hormones is what type of stimuli
Humoral Stimuli
Nerve impulses cause glands to secrete hormones is what type of stimuli
Neural Stimuli
Hypothalamus stimulating the pituitary is an example of
Hormonal Stimuli
Parathyroid Hormone depositing calcium from the bones into the blood due to low blood calcium level is an example of
Humoral Stimuli
Sympathetic NS releases epinephrine during fight or flight response is an example of
Neural Stimuli
What gland controls many other glands in the body (aka. Master gland)
Pituitary gland
Hormone that stimulated thyroid to produce thyroxine
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Hormone that stimulates
adrenal glands
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Hormone that stimulates growth in bones and muscles
Growth Hormone (GH)
Hormone that stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Hormone that stimulates production of breastmilk
Prolactin (PRL)
Hormone that stimulates release of sex hormones
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Hormone that stimulates egg or sperm production
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Where can thyroid stimulating hormone be found
Anterior Pituitary
Where can Adrenocorticoptropic hormone be found
Anterior Pituitary
Where can Growth hormone be found
Anterior Pituitary
Where can Melanocyte stimulating hormone be found
Anterior Pituitary
Where can Prolactin be found
Anterior Pituitary
Where can Luteinizing hormone be found
Anterior Pituitary
Where can Follicle stimulating hormone be found
Anterior Pituitary
Hormone that increases water retention in kidneys, decreasing urine production
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) (coffee is a diuretic)
Hormone that stimulates the contraction of a uterus during childbirth, and promotes breastmilk release
Oxytocin (OT)
Where can Antidiuretic hormone be found
Posterior Pituitary
Where can Oxytocin be found
Posterior Pituitary
Gland that controls pituitary gland by hormonal and neural stimulation, located just above pituitary
Hypothalamus
Gland that controls brain stem and spinal cord, thirst, food intake regulation, sleep and wake cycles, body temp regulation, and emotional response
Hypothalamus
Tiny cone shaped gland near cerebellum
Pineal Gland
Gland that mainly secretes melatonin
Pineal Gland
Butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck
Thyroid
Hormone that reduces Blood calcium level
Calcitonin
Hormone that regulates metabolism, body heat production, and controls O2 levels and intake
Thyroid Hormones- Thyroxine and Tridothyronine
What gland can you find calcitonin
Thyroid
What gland can you find Thyroxine and Tridothyronine
Thyroid
Glands attached to back of the thyroid
Parathyroid glands
Hormone that raises Blood calcium level
Parathyroid Hormone
Where can you find PTH
Parathyroid
Glands that sit on top of kidneys
Adrenal glands
Inner layer of Adrenal glands
Adrenal medulla
Outer later of Adrenal glands
Adrenal Cortex
Hormones secreted by adrenal medulla
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Hormones secreted by adrenal cortex
Glucocorticoids
Hormone(s) that regulates fight or flight, blood pressure, heart rate, and blood flow
Epineprhine and Norepinephrine
Hormone that regulates ion levels for quick energy
Glucocorticoids
What type of gland uses ducts
Endocrine
What type of gland does not use ducts
Exocrine
Part of the pancreas that uses ducts (groups of cells)
Islets of lagerhands
What hormone do beta cells source
insulin
What hormone do alpha cells source
Glucose
What hormone lowers blood glucose levels
insulin
What hormone raises blood glucose levels
Glucose
Small gland found near the sternum
Thymus
Thymopoietin, thymic factor, and thymosin are involved in the development of the
Immune system
Reproductive organs that produce sex cells
Gonads
What Gonads do females have
Ovaries
What Gonads do males have
Testes
What hormones do the ovaries produce
Estrogen and Progesterone
Hormone that stimulates maturation of female reproductive sex organs, secondary sex characteristics, breast development, and control of menstrual cycle
Estrogen
Hormone that stimulates maturation of male reproductive sex organs
Testosterone
Not enough hormone is produced
Hyposecretion
Too much hormone is being produced
Hypersecretion
What gland controls immune system and its development
Thymus
