Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Transports oxygen, waste, and hormones
Blood
Regulates body temp, PH, and fluid volume
Blood
Prevents infection and blood loss
Blood
What type of tissue is blood
connective
Suspended cells in blood
Formed elements
Fluid matrix of blood
plasma
The percentage of Red blood cells in your blood
Hematocrit
Composition of plasma (%)
90% water, and 10% dissolved gases, salts, minerals, proteins etc
1/3 types of proteins found in plasma
Albumin
Globulins
Fibrinogen
Composition of plasma is regulated by
homeostasis
Percentage components of blood
55% Plasma, 44% Red blood cells, 1% WBC and platelets
What are erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Transports oxygen around the body via hemoglobin molecules
Erythrocytes
Why do erythrocytes have few organelles and no nucleus
To use as little oxygen as possible
Why does oxygen need to be carried by erythrocytes
oxygen is non polar, so it is not soluble in blood
How many globin chains make up a hemoglobin
4
a globin contains a flat molecule called a
heme
What molecule, and how many of these molecules does each globin chain hold
1 iron atom
What does iron bond to, and what does this result give
Iron bonds to Oxygen, giving each hemoglobin four oxygen molecules
Protects the body from foreign cells or substances
Leukocytes
What are the two categories of leukocytes
granulocytes and agranulocytes
Lobe shaped nuclei, visible granules
granulocytes
spherical or kidney shaped nuclei, no visible granules
agranulocytes
engulf and destroy foreign bacteria, most common leukocyte, produced in infection
Neutrophils
two lobed nuclei, kill parasitic worms ingested, lessen allergic reactions
Eosinophils
release histamines, dilate blood vessels so other leukocytes cam rush to infection or allergy
Basophils
large, spherical nucleus found in lymph nodes, are either T-cells and B-cells
Lymphocytes
kidney shaped nucleus, become macrophages when entering surrounding tissue, attack and engulf viruses, parasites, or infections
Monocytes
Acronym for remembering leukocytes
Never Eat Bananas, Let Monkeys (BEN, LM)
what are thrombocytes
platelets
tiny fragments of other cells that clot the blood when a vessel is broken
thrombocytes
The process of blood cell formation
Hematopoiesis
Where does hematopoiesis occur
red bone marrow of adults
all formed elements come from a stem cell called
Hemocytoblasts
stimulating factor in producing blood cells
hormones
What does erythropoietin stimulate the production of
Red Blood cells
What does Colony stimulating factors and interleukins stimulate production of
White blood cells
What does thrombopoeitin stimulate the production of
Platelets
Process when platelets begin forming a blood clot for an injured blood vessel
Hemostasis
a substance that the body recognizes as foreign
Antigen
in the presence of an antigen, the body produces
antibodies
as antibodies bind to the antigen, they clump together. This is called…
Agglutination
