Endocrine System Flashcards
What is the endocrine system?
A network of glands across the body that secrete hormones
Hormones definition
Chemical substances in the blood stream that target specific organs
They excite a particular part of the body
Glands definition
Organs in the body that produce hormones
The hypothalamus
Responsible for stimulating / controlling the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.
The control system which regulated the endocrine system
Pituitary (master) glands
Hormones released control and stimulate the release of hormones from other glands
Posterior lobe
Releases oxytocin responsible for uterus contractions during childbirth.
Anterior lobe
Releases adrenocortical trophic hormone (ACTH) responsible for stimulating the adrenal cortex and the release of cortisol during the stress response
Pineal gland
Releases melatonin responsible for biological rhythms such as the sleep-wake cycle
Thyroid gland
Releases thyroxine responsible for regulating metabolism.
Adrenal medulla
Releases adrenaline and noradrenaline which plays a key role in the fight or flight response.
Adrenal cortex
Releases cortisol which stimulates the release of glucose for energy
Testes
Release androgens (including testosterone) responsible for the development of male sex characteristics + promoting muscle growth
Ovaries
Release oestrogen responsible for controlling the regulation of the female reproductive system including menstrual cycle and pregnancy
