Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Assisting: Anatomy > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A

Intersection of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Adrenal cortex

A

Outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ovaries

A

Located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for and production and estrogen and progesterone secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pancreas

A

Located behind the stomach. Islet secrete hormones from the pancreas. The pancreas also contains cells that are exocrine function. They secrete enzymes, via a duct into the small intestine to aid digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parathyroid glands

A

Four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adrenaline

A

Secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Stimulates the adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

aldosterone

A

Secreted by adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Androgen

A

Male hormone secreted by the testes and to a lesser extent by the adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A

Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Increases reabsorption of water by the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Calcitonin

A

Secreted by the thyroid gland; decreases blood calcium levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cortisol

A

Secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar. Secreted in times of stress and has an anti-inflammatory effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Estradiol

A

Estrogen secreted by the ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone

A

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. FSH stimulates hormone secretion and egg production by the ovaries and sperm production by the testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Glucagon

A

Secreted by Alpha islet cells of the pancreas; increases blood sugar by conversion of glycogen to glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Growth hormone; somatotropin

A

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and soft tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Insulin

A

Secreted by the beta islet cells of the pancreas. Insulin helps glucose to pass into cells, and it promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Luteinizing hormone

A

Anterior lobe on the pituitary gland; stimulate ovulation and females and testosterone secretion of males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Parathormone

A

Increases blood calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone is also known as

A

Thyrotropin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Thyroxine

A

also called tetraiodothyronine. Increases metabolism in cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Triiodothyronine

A

Secreted by thyroid gland; increases metabolism in cells

23
Q

Vasopressin

A

ADH

24
Q

Catecholamines

A

Hormones derive from an amino acid and secreted by adrenal medulla. E.G. Epinephrine

25
Q

Corticosteroid

A

Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex

26
Q

Electrolyte

A

Mineral salts found in the blood and tissues and necessary for proper functioning of cells

27
Q

Glucocorticoid

A

secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism. Cortisol raises blood sugar is part of stress response

28
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Overactivity of the thyroid gland; thyrotoxicosis

29
Q

Most common form of hyperthyroidism

A

Graves’ disease

30
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Under activity of the thyroid gland

31
Q

Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood

A

Myxedema

32
Q

Hyperparathyroidism

A

Excessive production of parathormone

33
Q

Hypoparathyroidism

A

Deficient production of parathyroid hormone

34
Q

Results of hypoparathyroidism

A

Hypocalcemia

Tetany

35
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

Group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex

36
Q

Symptoms of Cushing syndrome

A

Obesity, increase cortisol secretion, moonlike fullness of the face, buffalo hump, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, osteoporosis, hypertension

37
Q

Addison disease

A

Hypo functioning of the adrenal cortex

38
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

Lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells

39
Q

What type of disease is type one diabetes?

A

Autoimmune

40
Q

When does type one diabetes usually occur?

A

Before age 30

41
Q

Symptoms of type one diabetes mellitus

A

Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia

42
Q

Treatment for type one diabetes

A

Insulin

43
Q

When does type two diabetes mellitus usually occur?

A

After age 30

44
Q

Treatment for type two diabetes mellitus

A

Diet; oral hypoglycemics or insulin

45
Q

Secondary complications of diabetes mellitus

A

Diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerosis, diabetic neuropathy

46
Q

Acromegaly

A

Hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary after puberty, leading to enlargement of extremities

47
Q

Gigantism

A

Hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary before puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues

48
Q

Dwarfism

A

Congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone; hypopituitary dwarfism

49
Q

Panhypopituitarism

A

Deficiency of all pituitary hormones

50
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone

51
Q

Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex causes

A

Adrenal virilism and Cushing syndrome

52
Q

Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex causes

A

Addison disease

53
Q

Hypersecretion of adrenal medulla causes

A

Pheochromocytoma (benign tumor of adrenal medulla)

54
Q

Hypersecretion of pancreas causes

A

Hyperinsulinism

55
Q

Hyposecretion of pancreas causes

A

Diabetes mellitus

56
Q

Radioactive iodine uptake scan

A

used to image and assess thyroid function

Medical Assisting: Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions