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TEAS > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

The neuroendocrine control center is composed of the ____________ & pituitary gland

A

hypothalamus

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2
Q

Steroid hormones trigger _____ activation

A

gene

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3
Q

Protein hormones change the activity of ________ in the target cell

A

enzymes

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4
Q

The adrenal cortex monitors blood sugar levels and aids in _____ and protein metabolism

A

lipid

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5
Q

What controls cardiac function, the size of blood vessels and can raise blood sugar?

A

adrenal medulla

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6
Q

What gland helps regulate metabolism and aids in growth and development?

A

thyroid gland

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7
Q

What regulates calcium levels in blood?

A

parathyroid

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8
Q

The pancreas islets raise and lower blood sugar and are active in _____ metabolism

A

carb

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9
Q

What gland plays a role in immune responses?

A

thymus gland

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10
Q

What gland has an influence on daily biorhythms?

A

pineal gland

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11
Q

The pituitary gland plays an important role in what?

A

growth and development

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12
Q

Gonadotropin RH (GhRH) releases what from anterior pituitary?

A

LH & FSH

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13
Q

TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone

A

stimulates thyroid to release thyroid hormones

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14
Q

Thyroid gland releases T3 and T4 which stimulate?

A

cellular metabolism

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15
Q

The thyroid gland secretes ________ to bone and kidneys to LOWER calcium

A

calcitonin

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16
Q

The parathyroid gland secretes PTH to the bone and kidneys to ______ calcium levels

A

raise

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17
Q

What gland releases thymosin to lymphatic tissues to release T-cells

A

thymus

18
Q

The pancreas releases _______, which targets the liver, muscle & adipose tissue to lower blood sugar

A

insulin

19
Q

________, released from the pancreas, targets the liver to increase blood sugar

A

glucagon

20
Q

GHIH from the pancreas _______ secretion of insulin & glucagon

A

inhibits

21
Q

E/NE is released from the ______ ________ for a “fight or flight” response

A

adrenal medulla

22
Q

What gland secretes melatonin to the brain to control sleep/wake cycle

A

pineal

23
Q

ACTH targets the ______ ______ to release glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids

A

adrenal cortex

24
Q

What two things are secreted from the posterior pituitary gland?

A

oxytocin

ADH

25
Q

Oxytocin targets the uterus to induce contractions an the mammary glands for ____ secretion

A

milk

26
Q

ADH (antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin) targets the kidneys and blood vessels to??

A

increase water retention

27
Q

What is secreted from the adrenal medulla?

A

epinephrine

norepinephrine

28
Q

Prolactin is secreted from the __________ pituitary gland and stimulates production of milk

A

anterior

29
Q

What targets the kidneys to retain sodium and excrete potassium?

A

mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)

30
Q

Glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex target tissues in response to long term stressors and can _____ blood sugar levels

A

raise

31
Q

Androgens are secreted from the adrenal cortex and stimulate secondary ____ characteristics

A

sex

32
Q

The thymus gland plays a role in __________ responses

A

Immune

33
Q

The GI tract releases _________ which targets the stomach to release HCl

A

Gastric

34
Q

What 2 things are secreted from the GI tract to target the pancreas and liver to release digestive enzymes & bile?

A

Secretin

CCK (cholecystokinin)

35
Q

What is stimulated from the kidneys to target bone marrow for production of red blood cells?

A

Erythropoietin

36
Q

_________ from the kidneys targets the intestines to increase reabsorption of calcium

A

Calcitriol

37
Q

ANP from the heart targets the kidneys and adrenal cortex to reduce absorption of __________ & lower blood pressure

A

Sodium

38
Q

What is released from adipose tissue to target the brain and suppress appetite?

A

Lepton

39
Q

Inhibin from the ovaries inhibits??

A

FSH

40
Q

Human chorionic gonadotropin from the ________ targets ovaries to produce estrogen & progesterone

A

Placenta

41
Q

The testes release?

A

Testosterone

Inhibin

42
Q

Testosterone promotes?

A

Spermatogenesis

TEAS (5 decks)

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