Endocrine ppt

Question 1

If child starts puberty too soon..

Answer 1

Child will most likely be short stature as an adult

Question 2

Cause of precocious puberty

Answer 2

Idiopathic

Question 3

Average age for puberty

Answer 3

Boys:12yrs
Girls: 9-10yrs

Question 4

Clinical manifestations for precocious puberty in girls

Answer 4

breast development, public/axillary hair, enlargement of vagina, uterus, and ovaries, acne, adult body odor, growth spurt, moodiness, onset of menses

Question 5

Clinical manifestations for precocious puberty in boys

Answer 5

Testicular enlargement, penile enlargement, pubic hair, axillary/chest hair, facial hair, acne, adult body odor, deepening of voice

Question 6

GnRH stimulation test

Answer 6

Definitive serum hormone test for diagnosing precocious puberty (shows an increase in hormones)

Question 7

Diagnostic tests for precocious puberty

Answer 7

• history
• physical exam
• gnRH stimulation test-definitive
• x-Ray- determines bone age
• US- is there ovary enlargement?
• MRI-tumor growth

Question 8

If child’s bone age is 2 yrs higher than actual age. What is child diagnosed with?

Answer 8

Precocious puberty

Question 9

Why treat precocious puberty?

Answer 9

• child will look different and be bullied
• body image issues
• preserve their ultimate height
• prevent pregnancy

Question 10

Treatment for precocious puberty

Answer 10

Leuprolide acetate (Lupron Depot)

Question 11

Leprolide acetate

Answer 11

Stop when you want the child to start puberty naturally —–> stop 16 mos before

Question 12

Leprolide acetate given

Answer 12

Monthly IM injections or yearly implant

educate that you may see further symptoms but will get better

Question 13

Treat underlying cause if due to

Answer 13

Head injury or CNS tumor

Question 14

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 14

Destruction of pancreatic cells

Question 15

Onset of type 1 diabetes

Answer 15

Childhood and adolescence

Peak:
4-6yrs
10-15yrs

Question 16

Classic sign of diabetes

Answer 16

Polyphagia, polydipsia, polyuria

Question 17

S/s of type 1 diabetes

Answer 17

Abdominal pain, fatigue, bed wetting,hyperglycemia, acidosis, weight loss

Question 18

Parents will often think the child is just sick if they experience what S/S:

Answer 18

Abdominal pain, fatigue, bed wetting

** if these signs occur pediatrician should further test**

Question 19

Child can test their own blood sugar at

Answer 19

4-5yrs with supervision

Question 20

Child can administer own insulin at

Answer 20

9yrs with supervision

Question 21

Child can draw up own dose of insulin at

Answer 21

11yrs with supervision

Question 22

Child with type 1 diabetes should be taught to

Answer 22

Carry candy or sugar cubes in case of hypoglycemia

Question 23

Toddler

Answer 23

• Parents manage disease
• food issues (picky child)
• establish routines (snack 3x a day for good glycemic control)
• hypoglycemia (irritable or crying child)
• allow for choices/ independence (which finger)

Question 24

Preschooler

Answer 24

• can understand simple explanation
• appetite is more predictable (sense of time and structure)
• cab identify feelings associated with hypoglycemia and cab describe it
• delegate (have child gather supplies)

Question 25

School Aged

Answer 25

- school (very structured) - glucose testing on self - insulin admin. (9yrs supervised) - hypoglycemia (candy/sugar cubes kept w/ child)

Question 26

Adolescents

Answer 26

Adolescent girls are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes are at risk for eating disorders

Question 27

Drinking alcohol decreases

Answer 27

blood sugar

Question 28

Blood sugar tested

Answer 28

4-6 times a day

Question 29

Having a fasting blood sugar >126 you will be diagnosed w/ type 1 diabetes? T or F

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Child cannot play sports with type one diabetes? T or F

Answer 30

false- child can play sports as long as dose and diet changes are made

Question 31

Kids w/ type 1 diabetes wear

Answer 31

Med alert bracelet

Question 32

When child is active

Answer 32

Decrease amount of insulin given

Question 33

When child has extra snacks

Answer 33

Increase dose of insulin

Question 34

Ppl with type 1 diabetes count there carbs. | T or F

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What is Congenital adrenal hyperplasia ?

Answer 35

Deficiency of one of the enzymes necessary for synthesis of cortisol and aldosterone in the adrenal cortex

Question 36

Most common type CAH

Answer 36

21-hydroxylase deficiency

Question 37

S/S of adrenal insufficiency

Answer 37

Recurrent vomiting, dehydration, metabolic acidosis, hypotension, hypoglycemia

Question 38

Manifestations of CAH

Answer 38

- signs of adrenal insufficiency-(losing aldosterone/Na +) - ambiguous genitalia - precocious puberty - tall stature for age

Question 39

Virilization

Answer 39

female in utero producing male characteristics

Question 40

Autosomal recessive disorder

Answer 40

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 41

Diagnosis of CAH

Answer 41

At a newborn screen (shows lack of cortisol), US (diagnosed in utero), difficulty assigning sex to newborn

Question 42

Administration of cortisone

Answer 42

Suppresses ACTH secretion which inhibits the secretion of adreno-corticosteroids which causes virilization; this will help to slow linear growth

Question 43

Females with CAH

Answer 43

May often require reconstructive surgery of genitalia

Question 44

Cortisol treatment is

Answer 44

Life long

Question 45

Precocious puberty

Answer 45

-Early sexual development (early secondary sexual characteristics)

Question 46

Age range for precocious puberty

Answer 46

Boys: