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Pharm > Endocrine (pharm test 7) > Flashcards

Endocrine (pharm test 7) Flashcards

1
Q

Growth hormone replacement stimulates

A

increased bone length, height, muscle cells, organ growth

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2
Q

growth hormone will not effect

A

brain or eyes

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3
Q

Growth hormone treatment should continue until

A

epiphyseal closure or response is no longer present

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4
Q

Synthetic growth hormones timing (when are they administered?)

A

night (normally during sleeping hours)

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5
Q

Can synthetic growth hormone be given PO?

A

No; only SC or IM because it is inactivated in GI tract

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6
Q

Prolonged GH admin leads to

A

DM (reduces glucose utilization and antagonizes insulin)

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7
Q

Opposes growth hormones

A

glucocorticoids

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8
Q

Preferred treatment for acromegaly is

A

surgery, radiation, meds, but meds are not preference

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9
Q

When are meds used for acromegaly?

A

large tumor or residual tumors following surgery or radiation

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10
Q

How often do you x-ray children receiving GH?

A

monthly

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11
Q

Somastatin Analog example

A

ocreotide (Sandostatin)

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12
Q

Somatostatin MOH

A

natural GH inhibiting hormone
mimic suppressant action of somatostatin on pituitary decreasing GH release

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13
Q

Pegvisomant MOA

A

growth hormone receptor antagonist

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14
Q

ADH (vasopressin) causes

A

water elimination from kidneys
vasoconstriction

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15
Q

DI is treated with

A

vasopressin
Desmopressin

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16
Q

Vasopressin (pitressin) MOA, durration, and route

A

identical structrure to ADH

durration of 2-8 hrs

Admin IM/SC

causes vasoconstriction (raise BP, or cardiac resuscitation)

17
Q

DDAVP Duration, Route, MOA

A

duration: 8-20hr

admin via nasal spray, PO, SC, IV

Not an intense vasoconstrictor (like vasopressin) so choice drug for DI

Used for enuresis in low dose

18
Q

ADH drug ADR’s (vasopressin DDAVP)

A

water intoxication (kidney function, teach pt to decrease water intake)
excessive vasoconstriction (lead to angina, MI, gangrene)

19
Q

Vasopressin is contraindicated in pts with

A

CAD

20
Q

Drugs for hypothyroidism

A

Levothyroxine sodium
Liothyronine

21
Q

Levothyroxine and liothyronine are synthetic:

A

T4
T3

22
Q

Levothyroxine considerations:

A

narrow therapeuric range
take on empty stomach (30-60min before breakfast)

23
Q

How long does it take levothyroxine to reach therapeutic plasma levels?

A

4 half lives (7 days = one half life) so one month

24
Q

Levothyroxine will increase:

A

metabolic rate and O2 demand
(careful with cardiac and hypertensive pts)
may cause angina

25
Q

Treat myxedema coma with

A

IV levothyroxine

26
Q

Hyperthyroid treatment options

A

surgical removal
radioactive iodine therapy
antithyroid drugs (inhibit synthesis or release of T3 and T4)

27
Q

Antithyroid drugs:

A

Thionamides (methimazole and propylthiouricil)

28
Q

Why does it take longer to stabilized thyroid levels? (3-12 wks)

A

they do not destroy existing stores of thyroid hormone

29
Q

Adverse effects of antithyroid drugs

A

Hypothyroidism
agranulocytosis (sore throat and fever, monitor WBC, treat with filgastrim)

30
Q

Can you use antithyroid drugs in pregnancy?

A

Yes, PTU

31
Q

Cushing syndrome treatment

A

underlying cause
discontinue corticosteroids
meds to suppress adrenal release of steroids (not first choice for treatment)

32
Q

Cushing syndrome meds:

A

Ketoconazole (actually antifungal)

33
Q

Ketoconazole MOA

A

Inhibits synthesis of adrenal steroid hormones

34
Q

Addisons disease drugs

A

hydrocortisone
fludrocortisone

35
Q

Hydrocortisone admin

A

POr for chroinic replacement
IV for acute

36
Q

Fludrocortixone indication

A

sodium loss and hypotension associated with adrenal cortical insufficiency

37
Q

Dexamethasone indication

A

inflammation from cerebral edema

38
Q

Corticosteroids ADR

A

for non endocrine disorders, with large doses, Cushing syndrome

Pharm (9 decks)

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