Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharm > Diuretic Meds > Flashcards

Diuretic Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Diuretics

A

Loop
thiazide
potassium sparing
osmotic (not HTN med)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diuretics Treat

A

pulmonary edema, HF, renal failure, cirrhosis,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Loop Diuretic example

A

Furosemide (Lasix)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Loop Diuretics act on

A

the ascending loop of Henle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Loop Diuretic UOP

A

large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Loop Diuretic potassium effect

A

potassium wasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Loop Diuretics: GFR function

A

work despite GFR function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Loop Diuretic indictaion

A

rapid continuous mobilization of fluid
Emergent
used in cirrhosis, pulmonary edema in HF, renal disease, fluid overload or HTN when thiazides are not enough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

loop IV onset

A

5 mins, peak in 1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Loop ADR

A

hyponatremia, dehydration, hypotension, hypokalemia, ototoxicity, hyperglycemia (DM pts!), high LDL, low HDL, increase uric acid (GOUT!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

loop in pregnancy

A

can use in pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

other loop diuretics

A

ethacrynic acid
bumetanide
torsemide

(all can cause ototoxicity, hypovolemia, hypotension, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, disrupt lipid metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

loop drug interactions

A

Furosemide can drop BP too much with other drugs

Ototoxic with ahminoglycosides (antibiotics)

lithium toxicity (bipolar)

digoxin (toxicity with decreased K+)

Nsaids - blunt effects of diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Loop patient education

A

about hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, dehydration, postural hypertension, hypokalemia and dietary counseling, ototoxicity (hearing and balance), NSAIDS

Take daily weights, daily BP monitoring, avoid late dosing, assess skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thiazides act on

A

early distal tubule (inhibit na and cl reabsorption) (reduce plasma and extracellular fluid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thiazides GFR

A

need adaquate GFR for effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Thiazides UOP

A

moderate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Thiazides indication

A

HTN, edema (from HF or cirrhosis)

Protective effects in postmenopausal osteoporosis (tubular reabsorption of Ca2+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Thiazides ADR

A

hyponatremia, hypochloremia, dehydration, hypokalemia (cardiac dysrythmias, increased risk of digitalis toxicity), hyperglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

thiazides contraindications

A

hypersensitivity in stevens johnson syndrome

use with caution in renal disease (GFR function)

caution in gout, unstable diabetes hyperlipidemia, pregnancy and lactation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Thiazides drug interactions

A

can be combined with other HTN meds

Nsaids blunt effects

digoxin and lithium toxicity

careful with anything that affects electrolytes

22
Q

Thiazides pt education

A

baseline monitoring (weight, BP, electrolytes, edema, lipids)

Hypokalemia

time of administration

may make pt tired

23
Q

Thiazide drug example

A

hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

24
Q

Furosemide (Lasix) is what type of drug

A

loop diuretic

25
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is what type of drug
thiazide diuretic
26
Potassium sparing diuretics
increase urine output with less excretion of K+
27
K sparing UOP
small increase (weak diuretic)
28
K sparing indications
HTN, edema while limiting K+ excretion
29
K sparing spironolactone mechanism
block action of aldosterone in distal tubule interferes with Na/K pump controlled by aldosterone promotes Na and water excretion while reducing K excretion compared to other diuretics
30
Types of k sparing diuretics
aldosterone antagonist : Spironolactone non aldosterone antagonist: triamterene and amiloride
31
Spirinolactone indication
used to counteract loss of K+ caused by thiazides and loop diuretics HTN, Edema, HF Primary hyperaldosteronism, hormonal acne in women, polycystic ovary syndrome prevention and treatment of hypokalemia can be used in combo with thiazides and loops
32
K Sparing ADR's
hyperkalemia endocrine effects - steroid derivative - gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, impotence, hirsutism, voice changes
33
K sparing drug interactions
yes with thiazides and loops don't use with other K increasing supplements, ACEi, ARBs, or transplant drugs Don't use salt substitutes NSAIds block action digoxin toxicity if K+ too low Hypotension (when used with ETOH, antiHTN, or nitrates)
34
Overuse of K sparing
hypovolemia hypotension
35
k sparing pt education
monitor K+ levels no suplemental K+ foods (bananas) No salt substitutes (unlike other diuretics)
36
Osmotic diuretic example
Manitol (IV admin)
37
Manitol site of action
drug stays in nephron (filtered by glomerulus)
38
Mannitol action
promotes diuresis by creating osmotic force within lumen of the nephron UOP increase Degree of UOP is dose dependant
39
Mannitol indication
Relieves intracranial pressure, reduce acute intraocular pressure (glaucoma if not responsive to other drugs) Prevents renal failure in acute states not used in HTN
40
Mannitol ADR
edema HA N/V F&E imbalances dry mouth, polyuria, weakness rash, vision disturbances rebound ICP (intracranial pressure)
41
how mannitol causes edema
can leave capillary beds everywhere except brain, drawing water with it extreme caution with heart disease pts, stop if signs of HF or pulmonary congestion
42
mannitol contraindications
dehydration renal or cardiac dysfunction active intracranial bleeding severe pulmonary edema
43
mannitol nursing implications
monitor vital signs, UOP, biomarkers for hemodynamics monitor dehydration, neuro status, intraocular pressures, Always check renal function before administering do not give if osmolarity over 310
44
Other mannitol oddities
will crystalize in low temps use filter needles use indwelling catheter with promoter to measure hourly urine output effects last 6-8hrs
45
Loop and thiazide adverse effects
dehydration, hypovolemia, hypotension, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, ototoxicity, hyperlipidemia, sleep disturbance
46
aldosterone antagonist ADRs
hyperkalemia gi effects endocrine effects : gynecomastia
47
signs of hypovolemia
dizziness, confusion, insaziabile thirst, salt craving
48
signs of hypokalemia
thirst muscle weakness lethargy depression muscle cramping vomiting
49
control K+ levels
oral agents KCL in liquids powders effervescent tablets potassium sparing diuretics IV potassium suplement
50
Diuretic nursing considerations
first line for mild to moderate HTN increase in urine may only last a few weeks, but continue the medication (pts may stop or self increase their dose) tailor schedule to lifestyle Do not administer late in the day
51
Diuretic therapy diet
low salt intake ensure adequate water intake

Pharm (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions