Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

endocrine > endocrine pharm > Flashcards

endocrine pharm Flashcards

1
Q

D2 receptor agonists and job

A

cabergoline

bromocriptine

inhibit prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

somatostatin analogs

A

otreotide

pasireotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

GH receptor antagonist

A

pegvisomant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hyperpituitarism results in increased secretion of pituitary hormones, often caused by a _______

A

pituitary adenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

growth hormone releasing hormone

A

somatocrinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

growth hormone release inhibiting hormone

A

somatostatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hypopituitarism results in reduced secretion of various hormones, and is treated by replacing them with ____________

A

natural or synthetic analogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

mineralocorticoids like ______, replacement is used for defect in the ____

A

fludrocortisone, used in primary adrenal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

glucocorticoid antagonists

A

mifepristone, spironolactone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitors

A

ketoconazole, aminoglutehimide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

primary adrenal insufficiency pathologies

A

adrenal destruction (autoimmune), adrenal dysgenesis (genetic), cortisol synthesis defects (genetic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

hypocortisolism results in

A

hypoglycemia, hypercalcemia and anemia, high ACTH/MSG, pigmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

____ leads to hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and water loss

A

hypoaldosteronism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Addisons disease is treated with

A

replacement steroid hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

gerneralized symptoms of hypercortisolism

A

weight gain, slow healing of cuts, increased risk of infections, fatigue, glucose intolerance, headache, moonfaced, buffalo hump, hirsutism, striae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pasireotide: MoA

A

Inhibits the release of GH from corticotrophic cells in the pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ketoconazole & aminoglutethimide: MoA

A

Inhibit the synthesis of cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ketoconazole has _____ effects in men such as

A

anti-androgenic such as decreased libido and impotence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ketoconazole has drug interactions due to inhibition of

A

CYP3A4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mifepristone & spironolactone: MoA

A

Competitively inhibit cortisol binding to the GC receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

spironolactone toxicity

A

hyperkalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Conn syndrome

A

primary hyperaldosteronism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

bisphosphonates

A

alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, zoledronate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Bisphosphonates: MoA

A

Bind to bone and cause osteoclasts to die (apoptosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
bisphosphonate can cause ____ due to caustic chemistry
esophagitis due to caustic chemistry
26
bisphosphonates should be taken on an _____ and patients should remain upright for an hour after ingestion.
empty stomach
27
osteonecrosis of the jaw can be seen in
bisphosphonates and denosumab
28
______ is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
Raloxifene
29
pro-estrogenic effects of raloxifene
in bone, reverses osteoporosis
30
toxicities of raloxifene
VTE, stroke, death
31
Denosumab: MoA
Blocks activation of osteoclasts by interfering with RANKL
32
Parathyroid hormone effect on bone
release of Ca from bone (increased reabsorption)
33
______ is identical to a fragment of PTH but stimulates osteoblasts and Ca2+ absorption into bone
Teriparatide
34
PTH derived peptides
teriparatide, abaloparatide
35
PTH stimulates osteoporosis____ and teriparatide stimulates osteoporosis____
osteoclasts, osteoblasts
36
Conversion of T4 to T3 in each tissues allows for ______ of hormone levels
local control
37
A ______ (D2) converts T4 to T3 within each tissue
deiodinase
38
hypothyroidism is treated with
thyroid hormone
39
synthetic thyroid hormone
levothyroxine T4
40
T4 is preferred due to long ____ and better local control of T3 levels
long half life
41
drugs to treat primary hyperthyroidism
- iodide uptake inhibitor - thionamides (thyroid peroxidase inhibitors) - radionuclides
42
signs of graves disease
exophthalmos, periorbital edema, clubbing, dermopathy (red swollen skin)
43
Hyperthyroidism may be caused by an ______ that mimics the action of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
auto-antibody
44
____ counterintuitively inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis
potassium iodide (KI)
45
Wolff - Chaikoff effect
Potassium iodide (KI), counterintuitively, inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis
46
Radioactive I131 MOA
Absorbed by the thyroid gland (through the Na/I) and kills thyroid cells
47
Thionamides drugs that block the organification of iodide to iodine by thyroid peroxidase
propylthiouracil and methimazole
48
thionamide preferred during 1st trimester of pregnancy
Propylthiouracil because methimazole is teratogenic
49
Gestational hyperthyroidism is a
transient form of thyrotoxicosis caused by excessive stimulation of thyroid gland by hCG
50
Propylthiouracil: MoA
Also inhibits the D2 deiodinase and the conversion of T4 to T3 in peripheral tissues
51
major toxicity of propylthiouracil/methimazole
leukocytopenia and neutropenia
52
Converts energy stored as a H+-gradient into heat instead of into ATP
T3
53
T3 activates
Rank-L for bone maintenance, UCP for thermoregulation, beta 1 to increase cardiac output
54
diabetes mellitus results from high serum ____
glucose
55
type 1 diabetes
pancreases fails to produce insulin
56
type 2 diabetes
cells fail to respond to insulin properly
57
treatment of type 1 diabetes
insulin
58
treatment of type 2 diabetes
treat with stimulators of insulin production or reduce serum glucose without insulin
59
after insulin binds the tyrosine kinase receptor, ___ receptor is exocytosed to the membrane
GLUT4 so glucose can enter the cell
60
High serum glucose inhibits the reuptake of _____, increasing urine output
Na+ and water

endocrine (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions