Endocrine Patho!! Flashcards
What are the glands main function?
Produce and secrete hormones
Main function is to maintain homeostasis and promote permanent structural changes.
What are exocrine glands? What do they EXCRETE?
secrete their products/hormones into DUCTS as opposed to directly into the bloodstream
chemicals for elimination
What are examples of exocrine glands?
sweat glands, salivary glands, liver
What are endocrine glands?
hormones that secrete or release chemicals that are used INSIDE the body!
Where do endocrine glands release the hormones into?
directly into the blood to be carried to the target tissues
Which type of gland carry hormones as messengers that are responsible for telling some part of the body to start/stop doing something? (endo- or exo- glands)
ENDOCRINE
What are some examples of endocrine glands?
pineal
ovaries/testes
pituitary
hypothalamus
What do endocrine gland hormones control?
-Hormones can increase or decrease the rate of cellular metabolism
Coordinate bodily functions:
-Regulation of mood
-Growth and development
-Metabolism
-Tissue function
-Sexual development and function
Where are hormones released directly into?
the bloodstream
What do agonists do?
molecule that binds and triggers a response
produces some kind of action
What do antagonists do?
bind to a cell and blocks that action of the agonists
ex. narcan
What do feedback systems maintain?
an optimal internal operating environment in the body
- can be positive or negative
How do negative feedback systems work?
work until the variable is back to its original state
chemical released to stimulate the release of what is needed in the body, when normal levels are reached, the stimulating hormone is blocked resulting in a stop of the feedback system
Example of a negative feedback system:
Low BS → release glucagon → raise sugar → back to normal
What is a positive feedback system?
mechanisms that enhance the original stimulus
What are examples of a positive feedback mechanism?
childbirth> release of oxytocin
mentration
What is the release of hormones regulated by?
chemical factors
other hormonal factors
neural control
Endocrine regulation, through _____ feedback, is the most important method by which hormonal secretion is maintained.
NEGATIVE
What type of feedback system is the fight or flight response?
negative
What does the hypothalamic-pituitary system control?
controls the function of multiple peripheral endocrine organs
What hormones does the hypothalamic-pituitary system produce?
AHD (RAAS)
oxytocin
What hormone does the hypothalamic-pituitary system signal for the adrenal gland to release???
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
