Endocrine mix

Question 1

Which pair of hormones have antagonistic effects on blood sugar?

Answer 1

Insulin and adrenaline

Insulin and glucagon

Question 2

What nervous stimulation causes insulin secretion? What organ?

Answer 2

Parasympathetic stimulation of the pancreas

Question 3

What causes an increase in glucagon secretion?

Answer 3

Increase in concentration of fatty acids, amino acids and glucose

Question 4

What is the growth inhibiting hormone? Where is it produced?

Answer 4

Somatostatin

Pancreas, duodenum and pyloric antrum

Question 5

What is the most important homeostatic mechanism driving release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex?

Answer 5

Hyperkalaemia

Question 6

What process in the liver is stimulated by the release of cortisol?

Answer 6

Gluconeogenesis

Glycogenolysis

Question 7

What excess element stimulates the release of parathyroid hormone?

Answer 7

Phosphate - hyperphosphataemia

Question 8

Where is ADH synthesised?

Answer 8

Hypothalamus

Question 9

Describe the RAAS

Answer 9

Drop in blood pressure increases sympathetic activity
Causes release of renin from kidneys
Converts angiotensinogen to Ang I in liver
Enzyme ACE in lungs converts Ang I to Ang II
Angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction, thirst stimulation and aldosterone from adrenal glands
Aldosterone retains Na and therefore water
Increases BP

Question 10

What are the symptoms of Cushing’s in horses?

Answer 10

Delayed hair shedding, long curly hair

Lethargy