Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharm > Endocrine Medications > Flashcards

Endocrine Medications Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two types of hormones produced by endocrine system?

A

proteins/small peptides and steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the 7 endocrine glands

A

hypothalamus
pituitary
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenals
pancreas
ovaries or testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the thyroid gland secrete?

A

secrete T3 and T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what happens when the thyroid is stimulated

A

increase in cardiac output and O2 consumption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

role of thyroid

A

metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

role of adrenal glands

A

regulate electrolytes, fluid volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is secreted by adrenal glands?

A

steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the role of the pancreas?

A

use of glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is secreted by the pancreas?

A

insulin and digestive enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

8 side effects of hypothyroidism

A

lethargy
apathy
memory impairment
emotional changes
slow speech
dry skin
weight gain
cold intolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

myxedema

A

very low thyroid levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what would the labs of someone with hypothyroidism look like?

A

increased TSH hormone, low T3 and T4 levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is hyperthyroidism?

A

increase in T3 and T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

severe hyperthyroidism can cause___ and is an emergency

A

thyroid storm, vascular collapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

most common type of hyperthyroidism

A

Grave’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

7 side effects of hyperthyroidism

A

rapid pulse
palpitations
excessive perspiration
heat intolerance
weight loss
irritability
bulging eyes (exopthalmos)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the medication for hypothyroidism?

A

synthroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is Synthroid used for?

A

goiters
hypothyroidism
hashimoto (thyroiditis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

action of synthroid

A

increase levels of T3 and T4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

7 side effects of synthroid

A

N/V
anorexia
diarrhea
H/A
weight loss
amenorrhea
tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

when should synthroid be taken?

A

at the same time each day, on an EMPTY STOMACH (before breakfast)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

important teaching regarding Synthroid

A

report symptoms of hyperthyroidism, report chest pain and rapid HR, wear alert bracelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

nursing considerations for synthroid

A

protein bound (interacts w/ several meds)
be careful w/ preexisting conditions (causes tachycardia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what foods inhibit the thyroid and should be avoided with hypothyroidism

A

strawberries
peaches
pears
cabbage
kale
radishes
peas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what medications should be given for hyperthyroidism?
Tapazole Propylthiouracil (PTU) Iodine - potassium iodide (SSKI)
26
how does tapazole work
inhibits the synthesis of T3 and T4
27
how does PTU work
inhibits conversion of T4, T3
28
PTU may cause
severe liver damage, failure, death
29
who should not be given PTU
liver failure patients
30
what should be monitored with PTU
LFTs - AST and ALT
31
how does SSKI work?
reduce size and vascularity of thyroid
32
how is SSKI administered to PT.
Pt. must drink it through a straw
33
what does SSKI contain
iodine
34
dysfunctions of adrenal glands
cushing's syndrome Addison's disease
35
what is Cushing's Syndrome
adrenal hyper-secretion = body produces too much steroid
36
what can cause Cushing's syndrome?
adrenal tumor or extended/long-term steroid use
37
S/S of adrenal hypersecretion
hyperglycemia muscle wasting moon face buffalo hump protruding abdomen seizures peptic ulcers HTN HF cataracts hypervolemia hypernatremia hypokalemia increased RBCs impaired clotting
38
what is Addison's disease?
adrenal hyposecretion - not enough naturally occurring steroids
39
what is usually the cause of Addison's disease
autoimmune
40
S/S of adrenal hypo secretion
hypoglycemia muscle weakness apathy fatigue N/V tachycardia hypovolemia hyponatremia hyperkalemia anemia
41
what is used to treat adrenal hypersecretion
steroids
42
what is the action of steroids
suppress inflammation and adrenal function
43
6 side effects of steroids
hyperglycemia moon face HTN psychosis thin skin peptic ulcer
44
teaching for steroids
must be tapered watch for symptoms of hypokalemia
45
when should steroids be taken?
with meals
46
what should the patient eat more of when taking steroids?
K+ foods
47
what type of endocrine dysfunction is diabetes?
pancreas
48
what are the symptoms of diabetes?
3 Ps: polyuria polydipsia polyphagia
49
what can diabetes lead to if not managed?
kidney failure blindness PAD CAD HTN decreased wound healing risk for infection
50
S/S of hyperglycemia
thirst increased urine output sweet/fruity breath odor
51
how is hyperglycemia treated?
insulin
52
S/S of hypoglycemia
head ache nervousness sweating tremors rapid pulse confusion
53
how is hypoglycemia treated?
administer 10-15g simple carbs
54
what type of diabetes does insulin treat
type 1
55
2 side effects of insulin
insulin shock (increased HR, tremors, sweating) hypoglycemia
56
insulin injection sites should be _____
rotated
57
stress can cause _____
hyperglycemia
58
how do you store unopened insulin?
refrigerator
59
5 types of insulin
rapid acting short acting intermediate acting long acting combination
60
3 types of rapid acting insulin
Humalog Novolog Apidra
61
onset of rapid acting insulin
5-15 mins
62
when does rapid acting insulin peak
30 minutes - 3 hours
63
how long does rapid acting insulin last
2-5 hours
64
types of short acting insulin
regular insulin; Humulin R, Novolin R
65
onset of short acting insulin
30 minutes -1 hour
66
when does short acting insulin peak
2-4 hours
67
how long does short acting insulin last
6-8 hours
68
types of intermediate acting insulin
Humulin N Novolin N
69
onset of intermediate acting insulin
1-2 hours
70
when does intermediate acting insulin peak?
6-12 hours
71
how long does intermediate acting insulin last?
18-24 hours
72
types of long lasting insulin
lantus
73
what is the onset of lantus
1 hr
74
what is the peak of lantus
more evenly distributed
75
what is the duration of lantus
24 hours
76
types of combination insulin
humulin 70/30
77
oral antidiabetic agents for type II diabetes
sulfonylureas biguanides
78
action of sulfonylureas
stimulate beta cella to produce more insulin
79
when should sulfonylureas be taken?
in the morning before breakfast
80
who should you NOT give sulfonylureas to?
kidney or liver dysfunction pt.
81
what should you teach a type II diabetic taking sulfonylureas?
balance diet med alert bracelet know signs of hyper and hypo glycemia
82
what are some examples of sulfonylureas?
Glucotrol DiaBeta Amaryl
83
what is an example of a biguanide?
metformin
84
what is the action of biguanides?
decreases hepatic production of glucose from stored glycogen - diminishes increase in serum glucose following a meal
85
what are the 6 side effects of biguanides (metformin)?
dizziness fatigue H/A agitation bitter, metalic taste diarrhea
86
what should you teach your patient regarding metformin?
hold for 48 hours before and after IV contrast or it will kill kidneys
87
other type II diabetes medications
Sodium -Glucose Co transporter 2 Amylin Analogue Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonists (GLP-1)
88
what kind of medication is Invokana
sodium-glucose co transporter 2
89
how does invokana work
works with kidneys to excrete glucose via urine
90
what risk increases with invokana
UTIs
91
invokana is pregnancy category ____
C
92
Invokana should be combined with ____ and ____
exercise and diet
93
3 side effects of Invokana
decreased BP UTIs electrolyte imbalance
94
what should be monitored with invokana?
kidney function!!! monitor BUN and creatinine
95
what type of medication is symlin
Amylin Analogue
96
how does symlin work?
decreases post meal gucagon and glucose
97
what does Symlin treat?
type I and type II diabetes, as adjunct to insulin therapy
98
how and when should symlin be administered
SQ right before a meal
99
where should you never administer Symlin
in the arm - interferes with absorption
100
examples of GLP-1s
byetta, bydureon trulicity victozia
101
how do GLP-1 work?
slows down glucose produced by liver
102
what pregnancy category are GLP-1
C
103
what can be 5 possible side effects caused by GLP-1
weight loss dizziness n/v h/a jittery
104
GLP-1 are
prefilled injection pens
105
what areas can be used as injection sites for trulicity or victozia
arm, thigh, abdomen
106
how often are byetta and bydureon given
BID
107
how often do you administer Victozia
SQ once a day
108
How often is trulicity given
once a week
109
what should you monitor for with GLP-1
thyroid C-cell tumors pancreatitis
110
who should you NOT give GLP-1 to
liver disease patient

Pharm (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions