ENDOCRINE DRUGS Flashcards
What is endocrine system?
It is complementing the nervous system in controlling the body. It also works by sending or messenger such as neurotransmitters to send out responses and collect stimuli. It is a collection of glands and tissues that secrete hormones into the bloodstream.
What is hormones and their types?
A chemical substance produced in the body and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs. There are 3 types of hormones: Peptide hormones, Steroid hormones and Amine hormones.
What is the most important in drug acting on anterior pituitary gland?
Growth Hormone
What part of drugs acting is the oxytocin and where did it use?
Drug acting on the Posterior Pituitary Gland and it is used to initiate labor, promote delivery of placenta and control post – partum hemorrhage
There are 2 parts of Drug acting on endocrine system in Adrenal Glands:
It is Adrenal Medulla and Adrenal Cortex
What are the medications under Glucocorticoids?
Hydrocortisone, Prednisone, Dexamethasone and Cortisone
What are the cause of Hypothyroidism?
Thyroid Adenoma, it is hyperfunctioning thyroid or goiter
What are the medications for thyroid?
Levothyroxine (T4), Thyroid desiccated (T3 and T4), Liothyronine (T3)
What is the adverse effects of Thyroid Suppression?
Drowsiness, Lethargy, Bradycardia, Nausea and Skin Rash
Why do we need to take iodine solutions especially with thyroid?
To prevent the client from having surgery
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
It is derived from the Greek work for fountain and Latin for honey. Production of large volume off glucose rich urine
There are 3 types can cope in the patient with diabetes mellitus
Defects in insulin secretion insulin action (sensitivity) or both
What work of insulin in pancreas?
Secretes digestive enzymes. Also release insulin and glucagon from the Islets of Langerhans
What is pharmacological action of drugs for diabetes?
It promotes cellular uptake of glucose (decrease glucose levels). It converts glucose into glycogen for storage purposes and moves potassium into cells (along with glucose).
What is the types of insulin that use in diabetic medication and their parts?
rapid acting – Aspart, Lispro, Glulisinea
short acting – regular
intermediate acting - NPH, Lente
long acting – Ultralente, Glargine
A list of medications that are generally considered inappropriate when given to elderly people and that contribute to adverse events?
Beers Criteria
what is the emergency status for type 1 and type 2 of diabetes
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes that can be life-threatening. DKA is most common among people with type 1 diabetes. Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS) is a dangerous condition resulting from very high blood glucose levels. HHNS is most common among people with type 2 diabetes
What are the insulin reminders?
Not all insulins available as clear solutions are short-acting and can be admitted IV and not all can be mixed with other insulins. ONLY NPH (intermediate active medication) is appropriate for mixing with short-acting insulin.
What are different types of insulin for preparations?
Insulin pen, insulin jet and insulin pump
What is anti-diabetic drugs for type II DM and their drugs?
Sulphonylureas (2 types)
* short acting – gliclazide and tolbutamide
* longer acting – chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, glipizide
Biguanide – Metformin HCI
Alpha-Glucosidae Inhibitors – Acarbose; Miglitol
