Endocrine Drugs

Question 1

aminoglutethimide (cytadren)

Answer 1

blocks synthesis of all adrenal steroids

Question 2

indications for aminoglutethimide

Answer 2

temporary therapy to decrease cortisol productions
reduces cortisol by 50%
does not affect underlying disease process

Question 3

side effects of aminoflutethimide

Answer 3

drowsiness
nausea
anorexia
rash

Question 4

ketoconazole (Nizoral)

Answer 4

antifungal drug that also inhibits glucocorticoid synthesis

Question 5

indications for ketoconazole

Answer 5

adjunct therapy to surgery or radiation for cushing syndrome

Question 6

side effect of ketoconazole

Answer 6

severe liver damage

Question 7

nursing considerations for ketoconazole

Answer 7

do not take with ETOH or other drugs to harm the liver

do not give during pregnancy (fetal thyroid damage)

Question 8

phenoxybenzamine HCl

Answer 8

alpha blocker
blocks alpha 1 and 2 receptors
long lasting irreversible blockage of alpha-adrenergic receptors
lowers BP
receptors are permanently blocked

Question 9

side effects of phenoxybenzamine HCl

Answer 9

orthostatic hypotension
reflex tachycardia
nasal congestion
inability to ejaculate
*** no antidote, irreversible**

Question 10

what do you use phenoxybenzamine HCL to treat?

Answer 10

pheochromocytoma

Question 11

addisons disease pharmacology

Answer 11

life long corticosteroid replacement
all pt’s require glucocorticoid
hydrocortisone is drug of choice, then prednisone, dexamethasone
THINK SONE’s

Question 12

what is ketoconazole used to treat?

Answer 12

cushings

Question 13

what is aminoglutethimide used to treat?

Answer 13

cushings

Question 14

demeclocycline (declomycin)

Answer 14

tetracycline broad spectrum antibiotic

2nd line tx for SIADH

Question 15

what type of SIADH does demeclocycline treat?

Answer 15

chronic

Question 16

MOA of demeclocycline

Answer 16

interferes with renal response to ADH

Question 17

side effects of demeclocycline?

Answer 17

photosensitivity
teeth staining
nephrotoxic

Question 18

desmopressin (DDAVP)

Answer 18

synthetic ADH replacement
anti-diuretic effects
nasal spray, PO, IV, SQ
give in small doses
used to treat neurogenic DI

Question 19

what can large doses of desmopressin cause?

Answer 19

hyponatremia

Question 20

levothyroixine

Answer 20

treats hypothyroidism
t4 synthetic thyroid hormone
converts to T3 in body
7 day half life

Question 21

what is important to teach patients about levothyroixine?

Answer 21

take doses same time every day, take 1 month to see result
take on empty stomach, 30 min before eating
drug is taken for life

Question 22

tx of hyperthyroidism

Answer 22

propylthiouracil (PTU)
blocks thyroid hormone synthesis SUPPRESSES conversion of T4 to T3
radioactive iodine treatment
surgery
replacement of thyroid hormone (levothyroxine) needed for life

Question 23

what is the black box warning for propylthiocuracil?

Answer 23

hepatotoxicity

Question 24

what trimester can propylthiouracil be used in?

Answer 24

1st

Question 25

hydrocortisone

Answer 25

glucocrticoid
drug of choice for addison disease
life long replacement

Question 26

side effects of hydrocortisone

Answer 26

adrenal suppresion
delirium 
depression
DM
fat embolism

Question 27

fludrocortisone

Answer 27

mineralocorticoid
treats Addison disease
lifelong replacement

Question 28

MOA of hydrocortisone

Answer 28

anti-inflammatory

prevents inflammation by controlling rate of protein synthesis

Question 29

MOA of fludrocortisone

Answer 29

promotes reabsorption of sodium from the renal distal tubules