Endocrine, DM, Metabolism

Question 1

Hyperandrogenism in females:

oligoovulation, clinical or biochemical hyderandrogenemia

Answer 1

PCOS

Question 2

Hyperandrogenism in females:

oligoovulation, hyperandrogenemia, increased 17-OH -progesterone levels

Answer 2

nonclassic CAH

Question 3

Hyperandrogenism in females:

older age, rapidly proresive symptoms, increased androgen levels (>3x ULN)

Answer 3

ovarian/adrenal tumors

Question 4

amenorrhea, galactorrhea, increased prolactin levels

Answer 4

hyperPrl

Question 5

nonsuppressible dexamethasone suppression test, increase 24-hr urinary free cortisol.

Answer 5

cushing syndrome

Question 6

changes during preganancy:
total T4
free T4
TSH

Answer 6

total T4 increase
Free T4 unchanged or mildly increased (
-beta-hCG stimulates thyroid hormone in 1st tri, estrogen stim TBG and thyroid increases hormone produciton to maintain steady free T4 levels

TSH decreased (icnreased beta hCG and thyroid hormone suppress TSH)

Question 7

define sheehan

Answer 7

ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland. occurs after massive postpartum hemorrhage when the physiologically enlarged pit gland is ischemic due to hemorrhagic shock